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BEHP5011 > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world

A

Science

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2
Q

Goals of Science

A

Prediction, control and development of technology

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3
Q

Empirical phenomena; Direct observation & measurement; manipulate independent variables

A

Natural Science

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4
Q

Types of natural science

A

Physics, chemistry, biology, behavior analysis

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5
Q

Hypothetical constructs outside of the natural realm; Indirect observation & measurement; inferential statistics

A

Social Science

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6
Q

Types of social science

A

Psychology, sociology, political science

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7
Q

Philosophical assumptionsof behavior analysis

A

Determinism, empiricism, parsimony, philosophical doubt, pragmatism

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8
Q

The universe is a lawful and orderly place

A

Determinism (Philosophical assumption of behavior analysis)

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9
Q

All behavior is determined by the genetic makeup of an organism, its history and its current situation

A

Lawfulness of Behavior ( Philosophical assumption of behavior analysis)

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10
Q

Objective observation with thoroughdescription and quantification of the phenomena of interest, behavior

A

Empiricism (Philosophical assumption of behavior analysis)

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11
Q

2 elements of empiricism

A

Experimentation and Replication

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12
Q

Systematic manipulation of an independent variable

A

Experimentation

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13
Q

Repeating any part of an experiment

A

Replication

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14
Q

Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomena of interest be ruled out experimentally before more complex or abstract explanations are considered

A

Parsimony

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15
Q

Continually question the truthfulness of what is regarded as fact

A

Philosophical Doubt

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16
Q

Assesses the truth of theories or beliefs in terms of the success of their practical application

A

Pragmatism

17
Q

The philosophy or world view underlying behavior analysis.Posits that behavior is the subject matter of our science

A

Behaviorism

18
Q

B.F. Skinner’s philosophy of the science of human behaviorand the most influential type of behaviorism for guiding the science and practice of behavior analysis.

A

Radical Behaviorism

19
Q

Causes of behavior: inherited biological factors, organism’s experiential history and current environment

A

Determinants of Behavior

20
Q

The process in which repeated cyclesoccur of variation, interaction with the environment, and differential replication as a function of the interaction

A

Selection

21
Q

3 types of selection by consequences

A

Natural, Operant and Cultural

22
Q

The environment selects which variations survive and are passed on

A

Natural Selection

23
Q

Selection at the individual level; behavioral variability

A

Operant Selection

24
Q

Cultural practices evolve as they contribute to the success of the practicing group and are passed on through generations

A

Cultural Selection

25
Q

The nearness of events in time

A

Temporal contiguity

26
Q

A dependency between events

A

Contingency

27
Q

Types of Contingencies

A

S-S contingencies (paring)
R-S contingencies
S-R-S contingencies (the 3-term contingencies)

28
Q

Basic operations

A

Direct observation, repeated measures, graphed data, manipulation, systematic evaluation, analysis and interpretation

29
Q

Use our ears, eyes and other senses to directly observe behavior, environmental events and the real-life context

A

Direct Observation

30
Q

Collecting data multiple times before intervention, multiple times after each intervention and multiple times during any other phase of the study

A

Repeated measures

31
Q

Different types of graphs to chart repeated measures on an ongoing basis

A

Graph data

32
Q

Manipulation

A

Altering antecedents and consequences in the environment

33
Q

Using single-case designs to control for extraneous variables and each participant serves as his own control

A

Systematic evaluation

34
Q

Using single case designs and graphed data to make statements about functional relations between behavior and environmental events

A

Analysis and Interpretation

35
Q

Contingently present a stimulus immediately after the response.

A

Consequential Operation (+)

36
Q

Contingently remove a stimulus immediately after the response.

A

Consequential Operation (-)

37
Q

Arelatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience

A

Learning

BEHP5011 (8 decks)

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