Unit 2

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

What is mass?

Answer 2

The quantity of matter an object has

Question 3

What is weight?

Answer 3

The force produced by gravity acting on mass

Question 4

What is an element?

Answer 4

Anything that cannot be broken down into simpler matter.

Question 5

What are the six most important elements to living cells? What percent of living things are made of these elements?

Answer 5

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
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90%

Question 6

What is the Simplest part of an element?

Answer 6

an atom

Question 7

What the subatomic particles?

Answer 7

protons, neutrons, and electrons

Question 8

What is the atomic number?

Answer 8

the number of protons

Question 9

What is the atomic mass?

Answer 9

Number of protons and neutrons

Question 10

What is an isotope?

Answer 10

Same element; same protons; different neutrons

Question 11

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 11

Sharing of electrons

Question 12

What is a ionic bond?

Answer 12

giving away of electrons

Question 13

What is a compound?

Answer 13

Two or more elements in a fixed proportion H20

Question 14

What is a chemical bond?

Answer 14

an attractive force that holds elements together

Question 15

What is a molecule?

Answer 15

simplest part of a compound

Question 16

What is an ion?

Answer 16

an element that gains of loses and electron giving it a charge! Only in ionic bonds!!

Question 17

What are the 5 types of energy?

Answer 17

Radiant, Thermal, Chemical, Electrical, Mechanical

Question 18

What are the 3 states of matter?

Answer 18

Solid, liquid, gas

Question 19

What is a solid?

Answer 19

matter of fixed volume and shape

Question 20

What is a liquid?

Answer 20

matter of fixed volume, but it flows to shape of container

Question 21

What is gas?

Answer 21

Shape of container, fill space it occupies

Question 22

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 22

1 or more substances change to produce a different sustance

Question 23

What are reactants?

Answer 23

The two things that go into the equation

Question 24

What are products?

Answer 24

The two things coming out of an equation

Question 25

What is metabolism?

Answer 25

all chemical reactions that take place in an organism

Question 26

What is activation energy?

Answer 26

amount of energy needed to start a reaction

Question 27

What is a catalyst?

Answer 27

Reduces amount of activation energy needed

Question 28

What is an enzyme?

Answer 28

speeds up reaction without being changed

Question 29

What is water called (not h2o)?

Answer 29

The universal solvent

Question 30

What is a polar compound and polarity?

Answer 30

unevent distribution of electrons between - causes water to be polar.

Question 31

What is the solute?

Answer 31

The dissolved substance

Question 32

What is the solvent?

Answer 32

does the dissolving

Question 33

What is a concentration?

Answer 33

the solute to the solvent

Question 34

What is a saturated solution?

Answer 34

solution that can't dissolve any more solute

Question 35

What is a aqueous solution/

Answer 35

The solute is water

Question 36

What is H3O-?

Answer 36

the hydronium ion

Question 37

What is a synonym for base?

Answer 37

alkalinity

Question 38

What does pH stand for?

Answer 38

potential for hydrogen

Question 39

What is from 0 - 6.9 on the pH scale?

Answer 39

Acids

Question 40

What is at 7 on the pH scale?

Answer 40

neutral

Question 41

What is from 7.1 to 14 on the pH scale?

Answer 41

bases/ alkalizes

Question 42

What does pH measure?

Answer 42

The concentration of H3O+ in the solution

Question 43

Why is pH important to biology/organisms?

Answer 43

the enzymes work in a narrow range of pH

Question 44

What are buffers?

Answer 44

stuff that is able to neutralize small amounts of acids or bases