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Biology > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that occupies space and has mass

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2
Q

What is mass?

A

The quantity of matter an object has

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3
Q

What is weight?

A

The force produced by gravity acting on mass

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4
Q

What is an element?

A

Anything that cannot be broken down into simpler matter.

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5
Q

What are the six most important elements to living cells? What percent of living things are made of these elements?

A 
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
----------------------------------------
90%
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6
Q

What is the Simplest part of an element?

A

an atom

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7
Q

What the subatomic particles?

A

protons, neutrons, and electrons

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8
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

the number of protons

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9
Q

What is the atomic mass?

A

Number of protons and neutrons

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10
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Same element; same protons; different neutrons

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11
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

Sharing of electrons

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12
Q

What is a ionic bond?

A

giving away of electrons

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13
Q

What is a compound?

A

Two or more elements in a fixed proportion H20

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14
Q

What is a chemical bond?

A

an attractive force that holds elements together

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15
Q

What is a molecule?

A

simplest part of a compound

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16
Q

What is an ion?

A

an element that gains of loses and electron giving it a charge! Only in ionic bonds!!

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17
Q

What are the 5 types of energy?

A

Radiant, Thermal, Chemical, Electrical, Mechanical

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18
Q

What are the 3 states of matter?

A

Solid, liquid, gas

19
Q

What is a solid?

A

matter of fixed volume and shape

20
Q

What is a liquid?

A

matter of fixed volume, but it flows to shape of container

21
Q

What is gas?

A

Shape of container, fill space it occupies

22
Q

What is a chemical reaction?

A

1 or more substances change to produce a different sustance

23
Q

What are reactants?

A

The two things that go into the equation

24
Q

What are products?

A

The two things coming out of an equation

25
Q

What is metabolism?

A

all chemical reactions that take place in an organism

26
Q

What is activation energy?

A

amount of energy needed to start a reaction

27
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

Reduces amount of activation energy needed

28
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

speeds up reaction without being changed

29
Q

What is water called (not h2o)?

A

The universal solvent

30
Q

What is a polar compound and polarity?

A

unevent distribution of electrons between - causes water to be polar.

31
Q

What is the solute?

A

The dissolved substance

32
Q

What is the solvent?

A

does the dissolving

33
Q

What is a concentration?

A

the solute to the solvent

34
Q

What is a saturated solution?

A

solution that can’t dissolve any more solute

35
Q

What is a aqueous solution/

A

The solute is water

36
Q

What is H3O-?

A

the hydronium ion

37
Q

What is a synonym for base?

A

alkalinity

38
Q

What does pH stand for?

A

potential for hydrogen

39
Q

What is from 0 - 6.9 on the pH scale?

A

Acids

40
Q

What is at 7 on the pH scale?

A

neutral

41
Q

What is from 7.1 to 14 on the pH scale?

A

bases/ alkalizes

42
Q

What does pH measure?

A

The concentration of H3O+ in the solution

43
Q

Why is pH important to biology/organisms?

A

the enzymes work in a narrow range of pH

44
Q

What are buffers?

A

stuff that is able to neutralize small amounts of acids or bases

Biology (6 decks)

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