Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy Speech & Swallow > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Larynx acts as a valve to do what?

A
  • Prevent air from escaping lungs
  • Prevent fbao
  • Allow forceful expulsion of foreign substances
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hyoepiglottic ligament

A

Origin- extending from the anterior surface of the epiglottis
Insertion- to upper border of the body of the hyoid bone
*Unpaired midline elastic ligament (thyrohyoid is same as hyothyroid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Quadrangular membrane

A

Origin- from the lateral margins of the epiglottis
Insertion- course downward and attach to the corniculate cartilages and the medial surface of the arytenoids. Inferiorly, the membranes terminate as free thickened borders called ventricular ligaments
(Space b/t true and false vocal folds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Aryepiglottic folds

A

Origin- from the sides of the epiglottis near the rounded superior border
Insertion- the apexes of the arytenoids
*considered the superior margins of the Quadrangular membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Principle biological function of the larynx

A

Protect the respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anterior cricoarytenoid ligaments

A

Origin- cricoid cartilage
Insertion- the anterolateral base of the arytenoids
Function- limits backward movement of arytenoid cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Posterior cricoarytenoid ligament

A

Origin- posterior surface of the cricoid lamina
Insertion- the base of the posterior surface of the arytenoid cartilages
Function- restricts extent of forward movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Conus elasticus

A

Aka cricothyroid membrane
Divided into one medial (or anterior) cricothyroid ligament and two lateral cricothyroid membranes

Purpose is to connect thyroid, cricoid, and arytenoid cartilages together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Aryepiglottic folds

A

Origin- from the sides of the epiglottis near the rounded superior border
Insertion- the apexes of the arytenoids
Function-?
Considered to be the superior margins if the Quadrangular membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hyothyroid membrane

A

Origin- the whole superior border of the thyroid cartilage
Insertion- posterior surface of the body and major horns of the hyoid bone near superior border
Function-?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hyothyroid ligaments

A

Middle hyothyroid ligament in the middle (duh)

And two lateral hyothyroid ligaments attached on the side at the superior horn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Triticial cartilages

A

Tiny rice-like cartilages embedded inside lateral hyothyroid ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hyoepiglottic ligament

A

Origin- extending form the anterior surface of epiglottis
Insertion-upper border of the body of the hyoid bone
Function-?
Unpaired midline elastic ligament
*Note: thyrohyoid is same as hyothyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cricotracheal membrane

A

Connects lower border of the cricoid cartilage with the upper border of the first tracheal ring

There is a membrane between each tracheal ring but this top one is much thicker than the ones below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cricoarytenoid joint

A

Joint between cricoid cartilage and arytenoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cricoid articular facet

A

Located laterally on the sloping surface of the superior border of the cricoid lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Arytenoid articular facet

A

Diarthrotic
Rocking=addiction and abduction of vocal folds
Gliding=shortening and lengthening of vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Posterior cricoarytenoid ligament

A

Restricts the extent of the forward movement of the arytenoid cartilage

Surrounds cricoarytenoid joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cricothyroid joint

A

Joint between cricoid and thyroid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Capsular ligament

A

Contains posterior, anterior, and lateral ceratocricoid?

Rotational/gliding motion dictated by capsular ligament places the vocal folds under increased tension, thus causing an increase in the pitch of the voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Thyroepiglottic ligament

A

Attaches epiglottis to the thyroid cartilage at the angle just below the thyroid notch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hyoepiglottic ligament

A

Connecting between the hyoid bone and epiglottis

23
Q

Median and lateral glossoepiglottic ligaments

A

Connections b/t the tongue and epiglottis

24
Q

Valleculae

A

Small valleys seen between the epiglottis and the root of the tongue, great place for food to get caught

25
Q

Cartilaginous glottis

A

Posterior 2/5 of the glottis, from vocal process to muscular process

26
Q

Membranous glottis

A

3/5 total length of glottis and is the anterior 3/5 of vocal fold. Extends from thyroid cartilage at the angle (anterior commissure)

27
Q

Sternothyroid muscle

A

Origin- posterior surface of the manubrium of the sternum and the first costal cartilage
Insertion- oblique tendon or line of the thyroid cartilage
Function- draws thyroid cartilage downward and can be involved in positioning

28
Q

Thyrohyoid muscle

A

Origin- oblique tendon or line of the thyroid cartilage
Insertion- lower border of the greater horn of the hyoid bone
Function- reduces distance b/t thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone (initiation of swallow)

29
Q

Digastric muscle

A

Pairs muscle with anterior & posterior bellies
Origin: anterior from inside surface of lower border of mandible near symphysis, posterior is hyoid bone
Insertion: lesser horn of the hyoid bone, posterior goes up to mastoid process
Function: draws hyoid bone up and forward, if hyoid is fixed may depress lower jaw

30
Q 
Mylohyoid muscle
(Long card...scroll down)
A

Origin: along the mylohyoid line along inner surface of mandible from man fibulae symphysis to last molar
Insertion: medially down to opposite side tendinous raphe which extends from the mental symphysis to hyoid bone. Posterior fibers attach directly to hyoid bone
Function: when contracted elevates hyoid bone, floor of mouth, and tongue
* important for initial Stages of swallowing
**thin unpaired sheet of muscle fibers which for floor of mouth

31
Q

Geniohyoid muscle

A

Origin: come from a short tendon, from lower mental spine at mandibular symphysis
Insertion: course backward and downward to insert on the anterior surface of the body of the hyoid bone
Function: pulls hyoid bone up and forward
*sits kind of on top of mylohyoid

32
Q

Hyoglossus

A

Origin: upper border of the body and greater horns of hyoid
Insertion: posterior and lateral regions of tongue
Function: Influences the position of the larynx indirectly
*extrinsic muscle of tongue

33
Q

Genioglossus

A

Origin: mental symphysis of mandible
Insertion: body of hyoid (lower fibers) and whole undersurface of tongue (upper fibers)
Function: elevates hyoid bone and draws it forward
*extrinsic muscle of tongue

34
Q

Sternohyoid muscle

A

Origin: posterior surface of the manubrium of the sternum
Insertion: fibers course vertically upward and insert on the lower border of the body of the hyoid bone
Function: if sternum is fixed draws hyoid down, if hyoid is fixed raises sternum, potentially help if respiration

35
Q

Omohyoid muscle

A

Origin: upper border of the scapula
Insertion: inferior/lateral belly fibers course horizontally to an intermediate tendon and the. The superior belly runs vertically to insert into the greater Cornu of the hyoid bone
Function: contraction depresses the hyoid bone
*long, narrow two belly muscle on anterior lateral surface of the neck

36
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

Involved in sound production and protection of airway. Also involved in swallowing(protection)

37
Q

Vocal folds

A

Thyroarytenoid muscle and vocal ligament

38
Q

Abductors and adductor a

A

Alter shape of glottis

39
Q

Glottal tensors and relaxers

A

Tensors- elongate and tighten the vocal folds
Relaxers- shortens folds
Affect speed of vibration

40
Q

Medial compression

A

The extent of force with which the vocal folds are brought together at the midline

41
Q

Longitudinal tension

A

The degree of stretching force

42
Q

Thyroarytenoid muscle

A

Very complex and is composed of two primary bundles referred to as the thyromuscularis and the thyrovocalis portions

43
Q

Thyromuscularis

A

Origin: arises anteriorly from the lower half of the thyroid angle and courses Posteriorly
Insertion: into the anterolateral surface and muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
Function: glottal relaxer

44
Q

Thyrovocalis

A

Origin: posterior surface of the angle of the thyroid and courses Posteriorly
Insertion: he vocal process and lateral surface of the arytenoid cartilages
Function: vocal fold tensor
*vocal ligament sits on the very edge of thyrovocalis

45
Q

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

A

Origin:shallow depression on the posterior surface of the cricoid lamina
Insertion: upward and lateral to converge on the posterior surface of the muscular process of the corresponding arytenoid cartilage
Function: abduction of vocal folds (also lengthens vocal folds by the cricoarytenoid joint which pulls arytenoids back and up, fix arytenoids and rock thyroid cartilage forward
*only abductor muscle of the larynx

46
Q

Lateral cricoarytenoid slide 110

A

Origin: the upper border of the arch of the cricoid cartilage
Insertion: courses upward and back and inserts into anterior surface of muscular process of corresponding arytenoid cartilage
Function: ?

47
Q

Interarytenoid muscle slide 112

A

An unpaired muscle located on the posterior surfaces of the arytenoid cartilages

48
Q

Transverse arytenoid slide 113

A

Origin: lateral margin and posterior surface of one arytenoid
Insertion: courses in a horizontal direction and inserts into lateral margin and posterior surface of the opposite arytenoid cartilage
Function:?

49
Q

Oblique arytenoids slide 114

A

Origin: posterior surface of the muscular process of one arytenoid
Insertion: into Alex of the opposite cartilage, a few fibers angle upward and forward inserting into the lateral borders of the epiglottis
Function:?

50
Q

Cricothyroid muscle slide 116

A

Origin: anterior-lateral arch of cricoid cartilage
Insertion: thyroid cartilage, two parts:
Lower or oblique (pars oblique) insert in anterior margin of inferior Cornu of thyroid cartilage
Upper of anterior (pars recta) insert along inner aspect of the lower margin of the thyroid laminae
Function:?

51
Q

Abducted

A

Pulled apart

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

52
Q

Adducted

A

Brought together

What muscles?

53
Q

How are vocal folds shortened

A

Relaxers

Thyromuscularis

54
Q

How are vocal folds lengthened

A

Tensors

Thyrovocalis

Anatomy Speech & Swallow (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions