Unit 2 Flashcards
Does the use of the term civilized suggest some racist or ethnic bias? Why or why not?
In my opinion no, applying the word civilized to a group of people does not imply a racist or ethnic bias. This is because of many reasons. One of which is that it is just saying that the group of people has achieved a well working Society. It is not comparing 2 races. Some people can use it in a racist way tho, such as the whites dominating over the blacks.
What are some of the issues we encounter if we try to use civilization as an organizing principle in world history?
Some of the issues are not knowing really what a civilization is. We have some of the parameters of a civilization but have no definition.
Has civilization progressed from the earliest times to today? Does the progress of civilization in the 21st century suggest a higher level of civilized behavior?
I think that civilization as a whole has not changed much from back then to now. We all act the same and have the same key elements that define us as a civilization. The only thing that has changed is that we have more advanced forms of some of these elements. Such as technology and government.
What key event or discovery lead to the world’s first civilizations?
Farming
Describe daily life in a hunter-gatherer society.
The group would hunt and gather in one specific area and then when the area is out of food. They move on and go to another place that has the food. They are always following their meals. The men hunt and women gather. Our one goal is to survive
What was the significant shift that took place during the Neolithic Revolution? What was the significance of this shift?
They learned how to farm. Instead of moving from place to place, they could stay and develope one spot of society. Without this event, civilization would not have been possible.
What are the five characteristics of civilization? Apply them to Spokane today.
Advanced cities(DESCRIBE) specialized workers, complex institutions, record keeping, and advanced technology
Explain the significance of rivers to the earliest civilizations.
Rivers acted as a lifeline for the first civilizations. Without them the civilizations would not have been able to develop their farming as they did.
What were some of the environmental challenges for the Sumerians and how did they overcome these challenges?
Unpredictable flooding: due irrigation ditches
No natural barriers: no protection, / built walls
Limited natural resources: traded
- What is a city-state?
A city like things that functioned like today’s countries.
An autonomous political unit a self governed body.
Dynasty
A family of rulers who rule over a country for a long time
- What is polytheism?
A belief in many gods
- How did the Tigris and Euphrates rivers shape the religious beliefs in Mesopotamia?
The Tigris and Euphrates shaped the beliefs of many in Mesopotamia because they flooded unpredictably. This gave them a peso mystic outlook on life. Whenever the river or nature did something bad, they looked at it as if the gods were punishing them
- In your own words, provide a definition of restitution and reconciliation. Which is evident in Hammurabi’s Code? Which is evident in the U.S. today? Which do you view as being more effective?
RestItution : the punishment meets the crime no matter what
Reconciliation: a forgiving punishment
- How did the flooding of the Nile differ than the Tigris and Euphrates?
It was predictable
- How did the Egyptian belief in the afterlife lead to things like mummification and the building of the pyramids?
They preserved the bodies for the afterlife, and gave them a place to rule after they died
Why is India often referred to as a subcontinent?
It is below Asia, and is relatively isolated form the rest of the country
- What was so advanced about the cities in the Harappan Civilization?
They were layed out on a grid
Which religion traces its roots back to early Harappan culture? How do we know this?
Hinduism : we know this because of its idols that date portray modern hupindu gods such as shiva
Explain the significance of oracle bones in Ancient China.
They could justify and answer questions through interpreting the cracks. They could communicate with the gods and family ancestors
Explain in detail the mandate of heaven and the dynastic cycle.
They would be able to justify the overthrow of a declining dynasty.
(And was also the blessings of the gods)
Through interpreting omens. Also on picture
New king He has mandate Corruption Natural disaster King lost mandate Rebellion
- How did the Zhou dynasty use the mandate of heaven to justify the overthrow of the Shang dynasty?
They saw the natural disasters and were able to justify there bloody attack on the dynasty. Hey use it as an excuse
- Explain the structure of the feudal system that emerged in Ancient China.
King has land. He gives it to a lord who in turn for getting land owes military service, he hires a peasant who gets a place to live and food in turn for helping out
