Unit 2 Flashcards
Aminoglycosides:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 3 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications
- method of action
- main treatment
- aerobic gram negative
- cin
- amikicin, gentamicin, tobramycin
- IV/IM
- ototoxic, parkinsons
- bactericidal- inhibit protein synthesis
- serious g- infections
Carbapenems:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 2 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications
- method of action
- main treatment
- broad spectrum
- penem
- ertapenem, meropenem
- IV/IM
- basic
- bactericidal- inhibit membrane synthesis
- skin/abdominal infections
What are the basic contraindications for antibiotics
- nephrotoxicity
- teratogenic
- allergies to the drug
What is the most common adverse effect for antibiotics
GI problems
Cephalosporins:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 1 common drug from each gen (5)
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications
- method of action
- main treatment
- Multiple generations: each is more effective at treating g- than previous
- prefix cef
- cefadroxil, cefotetan, cefdinir, cefepime, cefiderocol
- IV/IM
- allergies to penicillins
- bactericidal/static: interferes with cell wall on division causing cells to burst
- UTIs, pneumonia, varied
Fluroquinolones:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 2 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment
- broad spectrum
- floxacin
- ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin
- oral/IV
- developing cartilage, tendon damage
- passive diffusion to interfere with bacteria DNA
- UTI, respiratory, skin
Penicillins:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 3 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications
- method of action
- main treatment
- broad spectrum
- cillin
- amoxicillin, ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam (unasyn)
- oral: empty stomach + 8oz water
- basic
- bactericidal: interferes with cell wall on division causing cells to burst
- streptococcal, meningitis
Sulfonamides:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 1 common drug
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment
- broad spectrum
- prefix sulfa
- sulfadiazine
- oral
- photosensitivity
- block folic acid synthesis
- UTI, trachoma in developing countries
Tetracyclines:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 2 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment
- broad spectrum for P with penicillin contraindications
- cycline
- demeclocycline, tetracycline
- oral: empty stomach + 8oz water
- potential bone/teeth damage
- bacteriostatic: inhibit protein synthesis
- patients where penicillin is contraindicated
Lipoglycopeptides:
- Common ending
- 1 common drug
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment
- prefix van/ends in cin
- vancomycin
- IV
- basic
- inhibit cell wall synthesis and disrupt membrane function
- skin infections
Macrolides:
- Common ending
- 1 common drug
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment
- mycin
- erythromycin
- oral/IV
- basic
- bactericidal/static: bind to ribosomes and change protein synthesis
- acute infections
Oxazolidones:
- Common ending
- 2 drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment
- zolid
- tedizolid, linezolid
- oral/IV
- MAO inhibitors, hypertension
- interfere with protein synthesis of ribosomes
- vancomyocin/penicillin resistant bacteria
Influenza A/B:
- Common ending
- 2 drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- mivir
- baloxivir marboxil (Xofluza), oseltamivir (tamiflu)
- varied, mostly oral
- possible effects on dopamine
- static: inhibit spread of virus
Herpes & Cytomegalovirus:
- Common ending
- 2 drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- clovir
- acyclovir, cytovine
- oral/IV
- basic + hair loss
- static: inhibit viral DNA replication
HIV/AIDS:
- treatment plan
- method of action
- at least 3 drugs throughout lifecycle
- antiretroviral agents (inhibitors for various cellular functions)
Name 3 types of inhibitors used in HIV/AIDS treatment
- nonnucleocide reverse transciptase inhibitors
- nucleocide inhibitors
- protease inhibitors
Hep B/Hep C:
- common drugs
- type of action (static/cidal)
- unique contraindications/effects
- hepsera, harvoni
- static
- barrier contraceptives for women
Locally active antivirals:
- common drugs
- area of admin
- nursing assessment
- zovirax, abriva
- topical
- monitor site of application
Systemic Antifungal: Azole
- method of action (cidal/static)
- 2 common drugs
- method of delivery
- adverse reactions
- patient education
- cidal and static
- ketoconazole, anidulafungin
- IV/oral
- decrease libido
- potential effect on oral contraceptive
Systemic Antifungal: Echinocandin
- method of action
- common drug
- cidal
- caspofungin
Unique Antifungal: Nystatin & Lamisil:
- method of action (specific)
Effects fungal cell wall
Topical Antifungals:
- common drugs (brand name included)
- method of action
- used for ______
- clotrimazole (lotrimin/mycelex), miconazole (munistat), terbinafine (lamisil), undecylenic acid (desenex)
- cidal/static: alter permeability
- diaper rash, athletes foot
Antiprotozoal: buuuuugs- Malaria
- common ending
- common drugs
- method of action (specific)
- adverse effects
- quine
- chloroquine, quinine, primaquine
- changes metabolic pathway required for reproduction in rbc
- CNS/GI: take with meals
Antiprotozoal: Other
- Cause?
- common drug
- method of action
- route
- single cell protozoa associated with poor hygiene
- metronidazole (flagyl)
- inhibit DNA synthesis
- oral
