Antibiotics

Question 1

Aminoglycosides:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 3 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 1

• aerobic gram negative
• cin
• amikicin, gentamicin, tobramycin
• IV/IM
• ototoxic, parkinsons
• bactericidal- inhibit protein synthesis
• serious g- infections

Question 2

Carbapenems:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 2 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 2

• broad spectrum
• penem
• ertapenem, meropenem
• IV/IM
• basic
• bactericidal- inhibit membrane synthesis
• skin/abdominal infections

Question 3

What is the most common adverse effect for antibiotics

Answer 3

GI problems

Question 4

What are the basic contraindications for antibiotics

Answer 4

• nephrotoxicity
• teratogenic
• allergies to the drug

Question 5

Cephalosporins:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 1 common drug from each gen (5)
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 5

• Multiple generations: each is more effective at treating g- than previous
• prefix cef
• cefadroxil, cefotetan, cefdinir, cefepime, cefiderocol
• IV/IM
• allergies to penicillins
• bactericidal/static: interferes with cell wall on division causing cells to burst
• UTIs, pneumonia, varied

Question 6

Fluroquinolones:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 2 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 6

• broad spectrum
• floxacin
• ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin
• oral/IV
• developing cartilage, tendon damage
• passive diffusion to interfere with bacteria DNA
• UTI, respiratory, skin

Question 7

Penicillins:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 3 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 7

• broad spectrum
• cillin
• amoxicillin, ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam (unasyn)
• oral: empty stomach + 8oz water
• basic
• bactericidal: interferes with cell wall on division causing cells to burst
• streptococcal, meningitis

Question 8

Sulfonamides:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 1 common drug
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 8

• broad spectrum
• prefix sulfa
• sulfadiazine
• oral
• photosensitivity
• block folic acid synthesis
• UTI, trachoma in developing countries

Question 9

Tetracyclines:
- Type of bacteria
- Common ending
- 2 common drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 9

• broad spectrum for P with penicillin contraindications
• cycline
• demeclocycline, tetracycline
• oral: empty stomach + 8oz water
• potential bone/teeth damage
• bacteriostatic: inhibit protein synthesis
• patients where penicillin is contraindicated

Question 10

Lipoglycopeptides:
- Common ending
- 1 common drug
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 10

• prefix van/ends in cin
• vancomycin
• IV
• basic
• inhibit cell wall synthesis and disrupt membrane function
• skin infections

Question 11

Macrolides:
- Common ending
- 1 common drug
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 11

• mycin
• erythromycin
• oral/IV
• basic
• bactericidal/static: bind to ribosomes and change protein synthesis
• acute infections

Question 12

Oxazolidones:
- Common ending
- 2 drugs
- method of delivery
- unique contraindications/effects
- method of action
- main treatment

Answer 12

• zolid
• tedizolid, linezolid
• oral/IV
• MAO inhibitors, hypertension
• interfere with protein synthesis of ribosomes
• vancomyocin/penicillin resistant bacteria