Unit 2

Question 1

Solid made up of molecules arranged in a regular, repeating pattern.

Answer 1

Crystal

Question 2

Element or compound formed by nature but not formed by living things that has a specific crystal structure and physical and chemical properties.

Answer 2

Mineral

Question 3

Material that comes from the remains of once-living things.

Answer 3

Organic

Question 4

Matter that doesn’t come from living things.

Answer 4

Inorganic

Question 5

Density of a substance compared to the density of water.

Answer 5

Specific Gravity

Question 6

A system listing ten minerals that the hardness of other minerals can be compared with.

Answer 6

Mohs Hardness Scale

Question 7

Ability of a mineral to resist being scratched.

Answer 7

Hardness (of a mineral)

Question 8

The color of a mineral in powder form.

Answer 8

Streak (of a mineral)

Question 9

Hard and compact mixture of minerals that formed naturally.

Answer 9

Rock

Question 10

Cooled magma.

Answer 10

Igneous Rock

Question 11

Rock formed when sediment is pressed and cemented together naturally, over millions of years.

Answer 11

Sedimentary Rock

Question 12

Rock that has been changed overtime by high pressure and temperature inside Earth’s crust.

Answer 12

Metamorphic Rock

Question 13

Igneous rock formed by magma cooling slowly beneath Earth’s surface.

Answer 13

Intrusive (Plutonic)

Question 14

Igneous rock formed by lava colling quickly at or near Earth’s surface.

Answer 14

Extrusive (Volcanic)

Question 15

Rock formed from rock particles that are cemented and pushed together.

Answer 15

Clastic (Clast)

Question 16

The look and feel of a rock’s surface, determined by the size, shape, and pattern of a rock’s grains.

Answer 16

Texture

Question 17

The particles of minerals or other rocks that give a rock its texture.

Answer 17

Grain (of a rock)

Question 18

Terms used to describe metamorphic rocks that have grains arranged in parallel layers or bonds.

Answer 18

Foliated

Question 19

Metamorphic rocks composed mainly of minerals that form with blocky crystal shapes.

Answer 19

Non-foliated

Question 20

A spongy-looking rock; lava whose gas bubbles break down.

Answer 20

Vesicular/Vesicle

Question 21

A material found in magma that is formed from the element oxygen and silicon.

Answer 21

Silica

Question 22

A dark silicate mineral or rock containing high amounts of iron and magnesium.

Answer 22

Mafic

Ex) basalt biotite, gabbro, obsidian, olivine.

Question 23

A light colored igneous mineral or rock containing high amounts of feldspar and quartz.

Answer 23

Falsic

Ex) Rhyolite, Orthoclase, Massecuite.

Question 24

Small or no visible grains of feldspar, hornblende, augite, olivine, and mica. Extrusive Igneous.

Answer 24

Basalt

Question 25

Large mineral grains of quartz, feldspar, hornblende, and mica; usually light in color. Intrusive Igneous.

Answer 25

Granite

Question 26

Sand-sized grains 1/16 to 2mm in size; varies in color; clastic sedimentary.

Answer 26

Sandstone

Question 27

Major mineral is calcite; usually forms in oceans, lakes, rivers, and caves; effervesces in dilute HCL Organic sedimentary.

Answer 27

Limestone

Question 28

Well-developed banding because of alternating layers different minerals, usually of different colors. Foliated Meta.

Answer 28

Gneiss

Question 29

Interlocking calcite or dolomite crystals. Nonfoliate Meta.

Answer 29

Marble

Question 30

The process in which rocks over geological ages, can be changed into different kinds of rocks.

Answer 30

Rock Cycle