Unit 2: 1607-1754 Flashcards
Describe the differences and similarities in settlement motives between the 4 groups of colonies
- New England: Settled by Puritans and Pilgrims seeking religious freedom. They want to reform the anglican church (Puritans) or start something completely different (Pilgrims), so they were persecuted.
- Middle: Economic and Religious reasons. The settlers wanted to have new economic opportunities and Quakers settled in Pennsylvania for religious freedom.
- Chesapeake: Found for economic reasons. Jamestown was the first colony.
- South: Economic reasons. Plantation economy focused on rice, tobacco, and indigo
Describe the differences and similarities in the economy between the 4 groups of colonies
- New England: Focused on water-based trades, like fishing, whaling, and shipbuilding.
- Middle: Mixed economy. Called the breadbasket because of fertile soil that grew crops like wheat. Was also focused on trade like shipbuilding, textiles, milling(grinding wheat into flour),and logging. Also had major shipping ports.
- Chesapeake: Plantation economy that relied a lot on slavery for the cultivation of tobacco, rice and indigo.
- South: Same as chesapeake, with even larger plantations and a higher dependence on slavery.
Describe the differences and similarities in the religion between the 4 groups of colonies
- New England: Very homogenously puritan. great Awakening started here
- Middle: Mix of religions. Quakers accepted all religions.
- Chesapeake: Primarily Anglican in Virginia and Catholic in Maryland (created as safe haven), but MAryland was religiously tolerant
- South: Primarily Anglican. Religion was not a major part of southern life
Describe the differences and similarities in the religion between the 4 groups of colonies
- New England: Extremely centered around religion due to the strictness of the Puritan fate (Salem Witch Trials). Families were very large.
- Middle: Farming was a big part of society, but was diverse
- Chesapeake: Depended a lot on slavery with all the power being held by landowners
- South: Same as chesapeak
Describe Examples of Religious Toleration in the colonies in the period 1607-1754
- The Acts of Toleration in Maryland
- The Quakers accepting many different beleifs in Pennsynia
- Rhode Island being founded by Roger Williams who accepted a variety of beleifs (Anne Hutchinson was also important)
Define Triangular Trade
- Sugar, tobacco, and cotton from the colnies to Europe
- Textiles, rum, and manufactured goods to Africa
- Slaves to the Americas
What was the relationship betwen the colonies and the British during period 2?
- The Naviagation Acts limited the colonies to only trade with Britain, but these were often bypassed through smuggling
- This was the period of salutory neglect
Describe Resistance to Enslavement in the Colonies
- Covert Resistance
* Retaining original culture and beleifs - Overt Resistance
* Stono Rebllion
* Uprising in South Carolina where enslaved African Amercans broke free in an attempt to gain freedom in Florida. They were all eventually killed, but not before wreaking havoc.
Describe Native Resistance to Colonial Rule
- Pueblo Revolt (1680): revolt by the pueblo people due to forcible conversion and bad living conditions under the encomienda system
- King Phillip’s War
* War in New England colonies against Wompanoag and their leader, Metacomet - Pequot War: War against Pequot in Massechusett’s Bay
What was the Great Awakening
The Great Awakening was an outburst of Protestant Revivalism in the eighteenth century.
Impressment
Impressment, or “press gang” as it was more commonly known, was recruitment by force. It was a practice that directly affected the U.S.
