Unit 2 Flashcards
1
Q
What is fascia lata?
A
Deep fascia that invests the thigh
2
Q
The Gluteal Region muscles are divided into two layers. What are they?
A
Superficial and deep
3
Q
What is the Iliotibial tract?
A
The thickened lateral portion of fascia lata
4
Q
Damage to the superior gluteal nerve affects____?
A
Stabilization
5
Q
If the right superior gluteal nerve is damages, and the patient stands on the right leg and lifts the left leg, the pelvis will drop TOWARDS which side?
A
The left side
6
Q
The Psoas major and Iliacus when combined is called what?
A
Iliopsoas
7
Q
The thigh muscles are divided into anterior, medial, & ________ groups.
A
Posterior
8
Q
The medial thigh muscles make up the _______ group
A
Adductor
9
Q
The posterior thigh muscles make up the _________ muscles
A
Hamstring
10
Q
T1-T12 are called__________.
A
Intercostal nerves
11
Q
What makes up the cervical plexus?
A
C1-C4
12
Q
What makes up the Brachial plexus?
A
C5-T1
13
Q
What makes up the Lumbar plexus?
A
T12-L4
14
Q
What makes up the sacral plexus?
A
L4-S4
15
Q
All except ________ merge to form plexuses
A
T1-T12
16
Q
The intermingling of nerve cell processes (axons) from ventral rami of different spinal cord levels is what?
A
Nerve plexuses
17
Q
What are the plexuses associated with the lower limb?
A
Lumbar plexus and sacral plexus
18
Q
What nerve is formed from the ventral rami of spinal cord levels L2-L4?
A
Femoral nerve
19
Q
Femoral nerve is located superficial to the __________?
A
Iliacus muscle
20
Q
The femoral nerve runs deep to the __________ to enter the anterior thigh.
A
Inguinal ligament
21
Q
The obturator nerve also is formed from the ventral rami from spinal cord levels ________?
A
L2-L4
22
Q
The obturator nerve runs medial to the ________.
A
Psoas major
23
Q
The obturator nerve enters the medial thigh through the _________
A
Obturator foramen
24
Q
What nerve is formed from ventral rami from spinal cord levels L4-S1?
A
Superior gluteal nerve
25
The superior gluteal nerve exits the pelvis through the ____________.
Great sciatic foramen
26
The superior gluteal nerve is in the __________, located superior to the __________.
Posterior gluteal region, piriformis muscle
27
What nerve is formed from ventral rami from the spinal cord levels L5-S2?
Inferior gluteal nerve
28
True or False: the inferior gluteal nerve exits the pelvis through the great sciatic foramen, just like the superior gluteal nerve.
True
29
The sciatic nerve is in the ___________, located inferior to the piriformis muscle
Posterior gluteal region
30
The sciatic nerve bifurcates into the __________ and _________ nerve.
Tibial, common fibular nerve
31
What nerve is formed from the ventral rami from spinal cord levels L4-S3?
Tibial nerve
32
True or False: the tibial nerve is medial division of the sciatic nerve
True
33
The tibial nerve bifurcates into the _________ and ________ nerve
Medial, lateral plantar
34
What are the divisions off the the tibial nerve that occurs deep to the abductor hallucis muscle?
Medial and lateral plantar nerves
35
True or False: The medial & lateral plantar nerves DOES NOT innervate all intrinsic muscles of the plantar surface of the foot
False
36
The medial plantar nerve innervates the ____________ & _____________.
Abductor hallucis muscle, flexor digitorum brevis
37
The lateral plantar nerve innervates what muscle?
Abductor digiti minimi
38
What nerve is formed from ventral rami of spinal cord levels L4-S2?
Common fibular nerve
39
True or False: common fibular nerve is the LATERAL division of the sciatic nerve
True
40
The common fibular nerve bifurcates into the ____________ & ________________
Superficial, deep fibular nerve
41
True or False: The common fibular nerve wraps around the neck of the fibula
True
42
The common fibular nerve innervates only the ______________ of the biceps femoris
Short head
43
True or False: the superficial fibular nerve is the LATERAL division of the common fibular nerve.
True
44
The superficial fibular nerve runs between the _____________ & ____________ muscle.
Fibularis longus, fibularis brevis
45
True or False: The deep fibular nerve is NOT the medial division of the common fibular nerve.
False
46
The deep fibular nerve travels between the ______________ & the _________________ muscle.
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus muscle
47
Foot drop affects what compartments?
Lateral and anterior compartments
48
What is damage to the common fibular nerve superficial to the neck of the fibula called?
Foot drop
49
Patient would be unable to ____________ the ankle AND _______________ all digits due to damage to the deep fibular nerve.
Dorsiflex, extend
50
Patient would be unable to ______________ the foot due to damage to the deep and superficial fibular nerves.
Evert
51
__________________ gives off the obturator artery, superior gluteal artery, inferior gluteal artery
Internal Iliac artery
52
______________ passes deep to the _____________ and continues into the thigh as _________________
External iliac artery, Inguinal ligament, femoral artery
53
_______________ is the major vessel for the lower limb
External iliac artery
54
The femoral artery passes posteriorly through the adductor hiatus to become _______________
Popliteal artery
55
Popliteal artery passes behind the knee within the popliteal fossa, reaches the popliteus, and divides into ____________ and ___________ tibial artery
Anterior, posterior
56
At the ankle, the anterior tibial artery becomes the ________________.
Dorsalis pedis artery
57
In the foot, the ______________ bifurcates into the __________ & _______________.
Posterior tibial artery, lateral, medial plantar artery
58
Superficial veins are located within the _____________ layer just deep to the skin. Both veins begin on the dorsum of the foot
Subcutaneous
59
_______________drains into the femoral vein
Greater saphenous vein
60
__________________ drains into popliteal vein
Lesser saphenous vein
61
_____________ is the triangular space in the superoanterior third of the thigh; found at the junction between the trunk and the lower limb.
Femoral Triangle
62
The __________________ superiorly borders femoral triangle
Inguinal ligament
63
_______________ laterally borders the femoral triangle
Sartorius muscle
64
_________________ medically borders femoral triangle
Adductor longus
65
_____________ is the most medial in the femoral triangle
Femoral vein
66
The second most medial in the femoral triangle is the _____________
Femoral artery
67
____________ is the most lateral in the femoral triangle
Femoral nerve
68
What is the compartment found between the quadriceps femoris muscles and the medial femoral muscles and is found deep to the sartorius muscle?
Adductor canal
69
The the adductor canal contains femoral artery, femoral vein, and _____________.
Saphenous nerve
70
_____________ is the diamond-shaped area in the back of the knee
Popliteal fossa
71
_____________ superolaterally borders the popliteal fossa
Biceps femoris
72
The ______________ & _________________ superomedially borders the popliteal fossa.
Semitendinosus & semimembranosus
73
____________________ inferolaterally borders popliteal fossa
Gastrocnemius, lateral head muscle
74
_____________________ inferomedially borders the popliteal fossa
Gastrocnemius, medial head m.
75
What are the contents of the Popliteal Fossa from deep to superificial?
Popliteal artery, popliteal vein, tibial nerve, common fibular nerve
76
_______________ is the relationships of structures located posterior to the medial malleolus
Tarsal tunnel
77
Tarsal tunnel is bound by the ________________
Flexor retinaculum
78
Tarsal tunnel begins at the ______________ and ends at the _______________
Medial malleolus, calcaneus
79
What are the contents of the tarsal tunnel (from the medial malleolus to calcaneus)
Tendon of tibialis posterior m. , tendon of flexor digitorum longus m. , posterior tibial a. , tibial n. , tendon of flexor hallucis longus m.
80
True or False: The knee joint is a synovial, modified, hinge joint that glides and rotates
True
81
What are the five ligaments that aid in supporting the joint:
1. Patellar ligament
2. Medial (tibial) collateral ligament
3. Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament
4. Anterior cruciate ligament
5. Posterior cruciate ligament
82
_______________ connects the patella to the tibial tuberosity and strengthens joint anteriorly
Patellar ligament
83
__________________ Broad band connecting the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle of the tibia. Directly adhered to the medial meniscus
Medial (tibial) collateral ligament
84
__________________ narrow “cord-like” band connecting the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the head of the fibula. Separated from the lateral meniscus by the tendon of the popliteus m.
Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament
85
______________ attaches the lateral condyle of the femur to the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia and prevents anterior translation of the tibia in relation to the femur.
Anterior cruciate ligament
86
________________ attaches the medial condyle of the femur to the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia and prevents posterior translation of the tibia in relation to the femur
Posterior cruciate ligament
87
The knee has two semi-circular fibrocartilage structures that function as shock absorbers for the knee. What are they?
Medial meniscus and lateral meniscus
88
True or False: The medial meniscus is directly adhered to the medial collateral ligament
True
89
True or False: the lateral meniscus is separated from the lateral collateral ligament by the tendon of the popliteus m.
True
90
The unhappy triad involves injury to the:
Anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, medial meniscus
91
ACL ruptures from ______________
Hyperextension
92
PCL ruptures from landing on _________________ with flexed knee
Tibial tuberosity
