unit 2

Question 1

what is the compound called that contains carbon and hydrogen

Answer 1

hydrocarbon

Question 2

what is an homologous series

Answer 2

a family of hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties but the same general formula

Question 3

what are the three homologous series

Answer 3

Alkanes, alkenes and cycloalkanes

Question 4

what is the general formula of alkanes

Answer 4

CnH2n+2

Question 5

why are alkanes and cycloalkanes different to alkenes

Answer 5

they only contain carbon to carbon single bonds

Question 6

why are alkenes different to alkanes and cycloalkanes

Answer 6

because they contain carbon to carbon double bonds

Question 7

what is the general formula for alkenes

Answer 7

CnH2n

Question 8

why are alkanes and cycloalkanes soluble in water

Answer 8

because they contain carboncto carbon single bonds

Question 9

why are alkenes insoluble

Answer 9

because they contain carbon to carbon double bonds

Question 10

what is an addition reaction

Answer 10

is when unsaturated componds (alkenes) change bromine water orane to colourless

Question 11

what happens to the colour of bromine water when it reacts with alkanes

Answer 11

stays orange

Question 12

what happens to the colur of bromine water whenit reacts with alkenes

Answer 12

orange to colourless

Question 13

what is the process called when you react hydrogen and alkenes to form alkanes

Answer 13

Hydrogenation

Question 14

what is the process called whenalenes react with water to form alcohols

Answer 14

Hydration

Question 15

what is an isomer

Answer 15

Are compounds that have the same chemical formula but different structural formula

Question 16

what is the most common isomer

Answer 16

branched chain

Question 17

what are everyday consumer products

Answer 17

alcohols and carboxylic acids

Question 18

what happens as the melting and boiling points increase

Answer 18

the carbons increase

Question 19

why does the increase of carbons increase the melting and boiling points

Answer 19

the larger the molecule, the stronger the intermolecular forces of attraction between the molecules

Question 20

what do alcohols contain

Answer 20

the hydroxyl group (OH-)

Question 21

what are uses of alcohols

Answer 21

food/ drink
hand sanitiser/disinfectant

Question 22

what is a carbolic acid

Answer 22

Ph less than 7
shortand strucural formula -COOH
has the ‘carboxyl’ functional group

Question 23

what is a combustion reaction

Answer 23

combustion reactiona react with water to releae energy

Question 24

what is an exothermic reaction

Answer 24

energy is released from a reaction

Question 25

what is an endothermic reaction

Answer 25

energy is taken in by the reaction

Question 26

what is a product of a hydrocarbon combustion

Answer 26

hydrocarbon + oxygen---> carbon dioxide + water

Question 27

what does the limewater do in a combustion reaction

Answer 27

colourless to cloudy

Question 28

what does colbalt chloride do in a combustion reaction

Answer 28

Blue to pink

Question 29

what are the two acids that can cause acid rain

Answer 29

Sulfer dioxide Nitrogen dioxide

Question 30

what forms due to incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon

Answer 30

Carbon monoxide

Question 31

what form due to not enough oxygen (incomplete combustion)

Answer 31

corbon monoxide + SOOT

Question 32

Why is carbon monoxide formed

Answer 32

Due to incomplete combustion

Question 33

Why are carbon monoxide and soot formed

Answer 33

Due to lack of oxygen

Question 34

Gases can be reduced by doing what

Answer 34

Make sure there is plenty of oxygen Remove sulfur before burning fuel