unit 2 Flashcards
what muscles of the eye can be seen on CT?
rectus muscles ( superior, inferior, medial, lateral
what vessels are responsible for drainage of the head
dural sinuses , drain into internal jugular vein
outermost layer of meninges
dura mater
middle layer of meninges
arachnoid
innermost layer of meninges (adheres to the brain)
pia mater
what provides a pathway for circulation of CSF within the brain
ventricles
what structure produces CSF?
choroid plexus
largest portion of the brain
cerebrum
the 5 lobes of the brain
frontal , parietal, temporal, occipital, insula
what is the “little brain”
cerebellum
folds of the brain
gyri
grooves of the brain
sulcus
deepest grooves of brain
fissures
the largest & densest bundle of white matter
corpus callosum
white brain matter contains
myelinated axons
gray brain matter contains
unmylinated neurons
name the 3 major segments of the brain stem
midbrain, pons , medulla oblongata
what major vessels form the circle of willis
-posterior , middle , & superior cerebral arteries
-posterior & anterior communicating
- basilar arteries
- internal carotid
list the facial bones
maxilae - 2
zygomatic - 2
lacrimal - 2
nasal - 2
nasal conchae - 2
palatine - 2
vomer - 1
mandible - 1
the layers of bone are :
compact bone
suture that separates the frontal & parietal bones
coronal suture
suture that separates the parietal bones
sagittal suture
suture that separates temporal & parietal bones
squamous suture
suture that separates parietal & occipital bone
lambdoidal suture
what is the blood brain barrier
- protects the brain , made of small capillaries , prevents certain substances from crossing over
function unit of the nervous system
neuron
bring nervous information into the CNS (thought)
sensory or afferent
relay nervous messages to organs (away from the brain) (action)
motor or efferent
what carries messages to the cell body
dendrites
carry messages away from cell body
axon
where is CSF found ?
cisterns , central canal, spinal cord, ventricles
space between arachnoid layer & pia mater
subarachnoid
space external to the dura mater
epidural space
space between the dura mater and the arachnoid
subdural space
fore brain : ( 2 sections )
cerebrum & diencephalon
white matter that connects the two hemispheres and allows for communication between them
corpus callosum
what fissure separates the occipital lobe from the cerebellum
transverse fissure
fissures are made up of :
sulci, gyri
(sylvia’s fissure) separates the frontal, parietal, & temporal lobes of the cerebrum
lateral fissure
4 portions of the diencephalon
epithalamus , thalamus, metathalamus, & hypothalamus
connects the hind brain with the cerebrum with two main parts
mid brain
once this structure passes through the foramen magnum is becomes the spinal cord
medulla oblongata
what do they refer to as, our “internal clocks”
pineal gland
how many cranial nerves arise from the brain stem
10 of the 12
largest of the ventricles
lateral ventricle
what cistern is between the medulla and inferior cerebellar hemispheres
cisterns magna
1st branch off aorta
brachiocephalic (innominate) artery
the two vertebral arteries merge to form _______ after is passes through the foramen magnum
basilar artery
what bone houses organs for hearing
temporal bone
where does a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) take place?
between L4-L5
describe TIA
transient ischemic attack “mini stroke” comes & gos - interruption of cerebral blood flow
what condition has a pool of blood between the brain & its outermost covering
subdural hematoma
bleeding in the space between the brain & surrounding membrane , sudden severe headache & can be fatal
subarachnoid hemorrhage
