unit 1 Flashcards
a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot is degraded by fibrinolysis * for blood clotting problems
D diner
a test that measures how long it takes for a clot to form in a blood sample
PTT
a test to evaluate blood clotting or blood clotting disorder, can detect bleed time
PT
worst condition for iodine radiation
sickle cell
contrast side effects
hot flash, metallic taste in mouth
mild reaction to contrast
hives , rash
severe contrast side effects
swelling of the throat, hypotension
oral contrast types
barium sulfate - chalky & thick
gastrografin ( iodine based ) - clear & thin
IV contrast types
iodinated contrast
gadolinium
what IV contrast type is used in CT
iodinated contrast
what type of IV contrast is used in MRI
gadolinium
average BUN level
6-20
when contrast injected leaks into the tissue around the vein where needle was placed , can lead to tissue death
contrast extravasation
what can not be taken 48 hrs after IV CT contrast
glucophage - metformin
CIN
contrast induced nephrothy
* immediate kidney failure
why do we have consent forms in CT?
- need to know about reactions
- check food & drug
- if they code, they can’t sue
the volume of blood plasma cleared of creatine per unit time
creatine clearance
front of body or body part
ventral (anterior)
lying on abdomen , face downward
prone
nearer the outside of the body or an organ
external
away from midline
lateral
closer to point of attachment
proximal
what structure divides the thoracic and abdominal cavities
diaphragm
50% of the population is what body habitus
sthenic
in what plane are MRI images acquired
axial, sagittal, coronal
in what plane are CT images acquired
axial
what atom does MRI utilize for imaging
hydrogen
where is the x ray tube located in a CT machine
rotates around patient - in gantry
detectors act as IRs
which modality is best for CNS ? why?
MRI - detects tissue abnormalities
what cavities are in the anterior / ventral cavity
thoracic & abdominopelvic
the 2 main body cavities
ventral & dorsal
the cavities in the dorsal / posterior cavity
cranial & spinal
is a CT cheaper than an MRI?
yes
what makes it possible for us to do a CT scan the way we do
slip rings
what are a few reasons someone cannot be given contrast?
kidney stones
brain bleeds
stroke
80% of the body is ______ atoms
hydrogen
what is the magnet strength of an MRI machine mesured in
tesla
the standard magnet for an MRI machine is
1.5
can an MRI be done on pregnant women?
yes , but rachel wouldn’t recommend
T1 relaxation time focuses on what?
the release of energy from the radio frequency
T2 relaxation time focuses on what?
the exchange of energy received from the radio frequency
how long is a MRI
can vary 10 - 40 minutes
what region is immediately superior to the umbilical region?
epigastric
what region is immediately to the left of the epigastric region
left hypochondriac
what region is immediately inferior to the right lumbar region
right iliac
what region is immediately to the right of the umbilical region
right lumbar
which one of the major closed body cavities contains connective tissue membranes
dorsal cavity
what type of epithelial membrane is associated with the nasal cavity & the oral cavity
mucous membranes
what term refer to the region of the ears
otic
the region that refers to the ribs
costal
the abdominopelvic region that contains most of the stomach
left hypochondriac
the specific layer of serous membrane that covers the heart
visceral pericardium
the serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity & covers the organs in the cavity
peritoneum
what internal landmark is 2.5 cm below the jugular notch ?
aortic arch
where is the location of the internal landmark the carina
T4-T5 - sternal angle
where does aortic bifurcation occur ?
L4-L5
what internal landmark is found at the 5th intercostal space?
apex of the heart
what internal landmark is found at the level of 2nd & 3rd costal cartilage
base of heart
the pelvic cavity contains :
urinary bladder, portions of the large intestine , & reproductive organs
point where cranium becomes the spine
foramen magnum
