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Unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the main goal of the Spanish American war?

A

A war to Liberate Cuba from bad ruling, set concentration camps with Cuban Guerrillas free.

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2
Q

Where did Spain put Cuban rebels (Guerrillas) after their revolts?

A

Concentration camps

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3
Q

Cuba wanted to gain independence from what countries rule?

A

Spanish rule

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4
Q

What battleship was sent to protect Americans who lived in Cuba?

A

U.S.S. Maine

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5
Q

What did America claim had happened to the USS Maine ship?

A

Destroyed by an underwater Spanish mine

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6
Q

What did Cuba claim happened to the USS Maine ship?

A

An explosion from within the ship caused it to sink

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7
Q

What did some think in regards to Cuban rebels and the USS Maine ship

A

They caused it to sink so US would blame Spain and do something about it.

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8
Q

“Remember the Maine”

A

Pictures and illustrations used to show and exaggerate the wrecked ship

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9
Q

Why did newspapers in the US push for war?

A

Headlines means money

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10
Q

Who was William Randolph Hearst

A

American newspaper author who pushed for the Spanish American war

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11
Q

Who was Joseph Pulitzer?

A

American newspaper author who pushed for Spanish American war

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12
Q

Another name for the “Splendid little war”

A

Spanish American war

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13
Q

Another name for the “muscle flexing war”

A

Spanish American war

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14
Q

Who led our attack on Spain in the Philippines

A

Admiral George Dewey

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15
Q

What islands revolted against the US and took 4 years for the revolution to be put down

A

The Philippines

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16
Q

What were Teddy Roosevelt and his 23,000 volunteers who fought on foot in Cuba called

A

Rough Riders

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17
Q

Settlement between the US and Spain that granted Cuba their independence, and gave the US Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

A

Treaty of Paris

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18
Q

A warning to all European nations to stay out of the Western Hemisphere, became the basis for future American Foreign Policy, the US would not permit Europe to meddle in American affairs

A

Monroe Doctrine

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19
Q

US felt it should not get involved with Europe’s affairs, only a trade relationship was desired

A

Isolationism

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20
Q

Belief it was Americans destiny to expand our land

A

Manifest destiny

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21
Q

Many Americans felt it was our _____________ to expand influence in the Americans and “civilize” the inferior groups like we had done with the Native Americans

A

Anglo-Saxon Mission

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22
Q

The domination by one country of the political, economic, and cultural affairs of another country

A

Imperialism

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23
Q
  • more raw materials
  • additional markets
  • increased national pride
  • humanitarian goals attached to many expansion policies
A

Justifications for imperialism

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24
Q

Secretary of State, purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million

A

William Seward

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25
Q

Joke made about purchase of Alaska

A

Stewards Folly

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26
Q

Purchase that resulted in endless resources like lumber, gold, copper, oil, and natural gas

A

Purchase of Alaska

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27
Q

Opened American market to other foreign sugars, second highest import tariff in history, caused Hawaiian economic crisis

A

McKinley Tariff of 1890

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28
Q

Leader of Hawaii in 1890, didn’t like Americans, “Hawaii for Hawaiians”, declared herself an absolute monarch.

A

Queen Liliuokalani

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29
Q

Someone who holds all the power

A

Absolute monarch

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30
Q

President of revolutionary gov in Hawaii, proclaimed Hawaii a republic, requested annexation

A

Sanford B Dole

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31
Q

Movement as toward a goal, advance, development or growth

A

Progress

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32
Q

Trusts and monopolies, corruption in politics, poverty, unsafe/unsanitary working conditions, child labor

A

Unsolved problems

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33
Q

Banker who bought Andrew Carnegies huge steel company, giant monopoly, worlds first billion dollar corporation

A

J.P. Morgan and US steel

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34
Q

Survival of the fittest, strongest would rise to the top, progressives were against this and wanted gov to look out for everyone.

A

Social Darwinism

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35
Q

Theory developed to go against social Darwinism, believed everyone should help everyone, spread the wealth

A

Social gospel

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36
Q

Journalists who exposed corruption, and abuse of power

A

Muckrakers

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37
Q

Muckraker who exposed the practice of lynching in the early 1900s

A

Ida B Wells

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38
Q

Most important muckraking magazine

A

Mcclures Magazine

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39
Q

President with a reputation as a “trust buster”, wanted federal gov to regulate big business closely

A

President Theodore Roosevelt

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40
Q

Trusts that cooperated with Roosevelt, could exist but must operate under rules laid down by gov.

A

Good trusts

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41
Q

Trusts that are broken apart if not cooperative with the gov.

A

Bad trusts

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42
Q

Said the interstate commerce commission could inspect records of railroads to see how much money they’re making, adjust maximum rates they could charge.

A

Hepburn Act of 1906

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43
Q

Agency given power by the Hepburn act

A

Interstate commerce commission

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44
Q

Muckraker novel told accounts of the filthy, diseased meat being sold to the public

A

The jungle

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45
Q

Author of the jungle

A

Uptown Sinclair

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46
Q

Act suggested by Roosevelt, brought federal control over the quality of most food and drugs

A

Pure food and drug act of 1906

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47
Q

Republican president, opposite of Roosevelt, unsuccessful as a president, over 300 lbs, tried to continue progressive movement, didn’t get along with congress

A

William Howard Taft

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48
Q

Another name for the progressive party formed by Roosevelt

A

Bull Moose Party

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49
Q

Election that consisted of William Howard Taft as republican candidate, Theodore Roosevelt as progressive candidate, and Woodrow Wilson as democratic

A

Election of 1912

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50
Q

Platform that supported stronger more active federal gov, corporations being brought under federal control, insurance for workers injured on the job, minimum wage for women, end to child labor, support for an amendment giving women the right to vote.

A

Roosevelt’s new nationalism platform

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51
Q

Democratic candidate of election of 1912, won and became president

A

Woodrow Wilson

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52
Q

Underwood tariff, federal reserve act, federal trade commission

A

Wilson’s new freedom programs

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53
Q

Wilson wanted to lower the high protective tariff because he felt it was helping create monopolies by eliminating foreign competition. It also provided for a federal income tax authorized by the 16th amendment

A

Underwood tariff, 1913

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54
Q

Created 12 federal reserve banks to stabilize and help banks during tough times. It is supervised by the federal reserve board in Washington DC, and not controlled by the gov.

A

Federal reserve act, 1913

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55
Q

The FTC investigates large corporations, and if they are acting unfairly toward their competitors then the FTC can order them to stop

A

federal trade commission, 1914

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56
Q

To cover in gold

A

To gild- Mark Twain

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57
Q

The tariff issue, candidates “sitting on the fence”, spoils system, assassination of James Garfield, etc all contributed to the

A

Problems of the gilded age

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58
Q

Why did the north favor a high protective tariff?

A

Make people buy American products, US industries make extra profits

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59
Q

Why did the South favor low tariff?

A

Had to pay higher prices, need for protection was less important in the gilded age, us was the strongest industrial nation

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60
Q

System that awarded voters with jobs from the politicians if they were supported

A

Spoils system

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61
Q

Created civil service commission that would create and administer tests for applicants seeking gov jobs, would be based off merits

A

Pendleton act (1883)

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62
Q

President killed shortly after taking office, killed by Charles J Guiteau

A

James Garfield

63
Q

Killer of James Garfield

A

Charles J Guiteau

64
Q

Platform that wanted gov ownership of railroads, telegraphs, telephone networks, wanted a federal income tax, wanted gov loans for farmers, called for an 8 hour work day, called for restrictions on immigration, wanted free and unlimited coinage of silver.

A

Populist party platform

65
Q

Uses gold as the standard value for its currency.

A

Gold standard

66
Q

Election with William McKinley as the republican candidate, and William Jennings Bryan as democratic candidate. McKinley won.

A

Election of 1896

67
Q

William mckinleys speech that supported the gold standard

A

Cross of gold speech

68
Q

The characters and actions that are dignified literally in their turn represent historical personages or events (wizard of oz)

A

Historical or political allegory

69
Q

A tactic to gain more votes, makes people sympathetic.

A

Waving the bloody shirt

70
Q

Helped immigrants find jobs, provided needs like food, money, clothes

A

Advantages of political machines

71
Q

Led to corrupt political offices, bribing and buying votes, some corrupt politicians remained in power

A

Disadvantages of political machines

72
Q

Sought to help the less fortunate in society, used position to achieve political office, corruption was common, primarily solicited immigrants, primarily democrats

A

Political bosses

73
Q

Man in charge of the NYC political machine

A

William Marcy Tweed

74
Q

Democratic political machine in New York City

A

Tammany hall

75
Q

Worker does the same task over and over again

A

Specialization

76
Q

Shared labor

A

Division of labor

77
Q

Higher wages, shorter hours, better working conditions

A

Bread and butter issues

78
Q

Union officials, representing workers, negotiate with management

A

Collective bargaining

79
Q

Workers who belonged to unions were “undesirable” employees, difficult to get a job

A

Blacklisting

80
Q

Who was assassinated at the beginning of ww1, where, and by who?

A

Arch Duke Francis Ferdinand (Austria Hungary), in Bosnia, by a Serbian terrorist group, the black hand.

81
Q

M cause of the war

A

Military build up. Everyone wanted to be the most powerful, countries were building their militaries, creating tension

82
Q

A cause of the war

A

Alliance systems. Complicated network of treaties and alliances pulled almost everyone into the war

83
Q

I cause of the war

A

Imperialism. Conflicts and rivalries, everyone trying to make their own empires and be the best and strongest.

84
Q

N cause of the war

A

Nationalism. Feeling of pride and loyalty that people have for their country

85
Q

Second A main cause of the war

A

Assassination of Arch Duke Francis Ferdinand

86
Q

Powerful alliance of Germany, Austria/Hungary, Italy

A

Triple Alliance

87
Q

Powerful alliance of Britain, France, and Russia

A

Triple Entente

88
Q

Central powers or allied powers.

Germany, Austria Hungary, Bulgaria and turkey (Ottoman Empire)

A

Central powers

89
Q

Central powers or allied?

Britain, Russia, France, Serbia, Belgium

A

Allied powers

90
Q

What are the 4 poor preparations for the war

A

Poor transportation (horse drawn vehicles, foot soldiers),

Primitive fighting strategies (bright uniforms, wave attacks,)

Language barrier (hard to communicate and plan attacks or strategies)

Not enough equipment (enough for 6 months, shortage of guns and weapons)

91
Q

Neither side of the war could win a decisive victory over the other

A

Stalemate

92
Q

A war where each side tries to wear the down and outlast the other side with attacks and counter attacks

A

War of attrition

93
Q

Type of submarine used by Germans to launch surprise attacks on ships

A

German U boats

94
Q

British luxury liner sunk by torpedoes without warning, sunk in 18 minutes killing 128 American passengers.

A

Lusitania

95
Q

French passenger ship that was torpedoed killing several passengers

A

Sussex

96
Q

German promise to stop sinking passenger and merchant ships without warning.

A

Sussex pledge

97
Q

German telegram sent to Mexican gov., intercepted by US and exposed in newspapers

A

Zimmerman note

98
Q

Wilson’s campaign slogan that helped him win the election of 1916

A

“He kept us out of war”

99
Q

Opposing candidate of Wilson in the election of 1916

A

Charles evans Hughes

100
Q

Wilson’s famous speech to end the war through negations

A

Peace without victory (failed)

101
Q

Thousands of young men volunteered to fight, navy was sent to Europe, drafts.

A

Wartime America

102
Q

Formed to draft soldiers in ww1

A

Selective service act

103
Q

Created to oversee production and distribution of manufactured goods, organized American industry like one big factory, gov decided what was made and set prices.

A

War industries board

104
Q

The distribution of goods to consumers in a fixed amount

A

Rationing

105
Q

Made it a crime to aid enemy nations, interfere with recruitment of soldiers, made it legal for the post master general to censor mail

A

Espionage act of 1917

106
Q

Fines if you spoke or wrote anything critical of the gov or military.

A

Sedition act

107
Q

5 new weapons of the Great War

A

Tanks. Poison gas, airplanes, machine guns, flame throwers

108
Q

November 11th, at 11:00 am, 1918, the Germans gave up the war.

A

Armistice day

109
Q

Wilson’s plan for the end of the war. (Right to self determination, arms limitations, international freedom of the seas and trade, end to all secret alliances, a general assembly of nations)

A

Wilson’s 14 points

110
Q

5 separate treaties signed at the Paris peace conference

A

Peace of Paris treaties

111
Q

Who were the big 4 at the Paris peace conference

A

US- Woodrow wilson
France- George’s Clemenceau
Britain- Lloyd George
Italy- Vittorio Orlando

112
Q

Said all nations were required to protect one another against attack, all disputes between members were to be submitted to arbitration, took possession of the former German colonies and some territories that were controlled by Turkey.

A

League of Nations

113
Q

Used to punish Germany after ww1. It almost completely took away their military, reduced their borders, forced them to pay war reparations for damages.

A

Treaty of Versailles

114
Q

German leader who helped the rise of fascism, and later ww2

A

Adolf hitler

115
Q

A form of far right, dictatorial, authoritarian, thinking. Risen to power through adolf hitler

A

Fascism

116
Q

Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Estonia, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Ukraine

A

New nations formed after ww1

117
Q

Russian empire, Austro-Hungarian empire, German empire, Ottoman Empire

A

Empires that lost territory

118
Q

Nickname for American troops who helped allied forces fight on the western front in world war 1

A

Doughboys

119
Q

Election in which Warren g Harding won using the phrase return to normalcy, and bloviating his speeches.

A

Election of 1920

120
Q

Hardins corrupt friends appointed to important governmental positions

A

Ohio gang

121
Q

Vice President who became the new president after Harding died suddenly.

A

Calvin Coolidge

122
Q

During the 1920s and 1930s, the American public and the gov couldn’t decide how involved we should be with foreign nations

A

Isolationism vs. internationalism

123
Q

A small group of communists had taken over Russia by revolution In 1917, now there were close to 70,000 communists in the US

A

The Red Scare

124
Q

Type of gov that is all controlling.

A

Communism

125
Q

Attorney general who suspected a massive plot to overthrow the gov

A

Mitchell Palmer

126
Q

Searches without warrants, suspected communists were held for weeks without formal charges.

A

Palmer raids

127
Q

The gov growing involvement in the lives of its citizens brought the creation of the ____ to protect the basic freedoms described in the bill of rights

A

American civil liberties union (ACLU)

128
Q

With prices up, workers demanded higher wages and when that did not happen, they went on strike

A

Union

129
Q

Song sang before every performance by Billie holiday, about lynching

A

Strange fruit

130
Q

The fear of foreigners

A

Xenophobia

131
Q

Both were designed to limit the number of immigrants who could enter the US

A

Emergency quota act and national origins act

132
Q

Case involving two Italian immigrants who were executed by electric chair, with no real evidence against them.

A

Sacco-Vanzetti case

133
Q

Act that prohibited the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors.

A

18th amendment

134
Q

Law that enforced the 18th amendment

A

Volstead Act

135
Q

What were the exceptions to the 18th amendment

A

You were allowed to drink anything you had already in your possession, medicinal liquor was allowed, religious exceptions

136
Q

Who pushed for prohibition

A

Anti-saloon league, women’s Christian temperance union, progressive reformers, ku klux klan, women.

137
Q

Less arrests for public drunkenness, lower number of alcohol related deaths, fewer workers spent their paychecks on booze.

A

Advantages of prohibition

138
Q

Difficult to enforce, rude of organized crime.

A

Disadvantages of prohibition

139
Q

Wore loose fitting clothing, shorter skirts above the knee, shorter bobbed hair, make up, drank alcohol, smoked, danced

A

Flappers

140
Q

Jazz music, flappers, Hollywood motion pictures, sports, and the radio became very popular at this time

A

The roaring twenties

141
Q

Helped make jobs, road building, oil industry, manufacturers of steel, rubber, glass, paint, gas stations. Also created traffic, accidents, air pollution.

A

The automobile industry

142
Q

Made first non stop solo flight from NY to Paris.

A

Charles Lindbergh

143
Q

Viewpoint that god created the earth, heaven, and all its creatures in 6 days

A

Divine creation

144
Q

Specified that it shall be unlawful for any teacher to teach any theory that denies the story of divine creation of man as taught in the Bible

A

Butler act

145
Q

Agreed to be Tennessee’s first test case regarding the teaching of evolution and divine creation.

A

John scopes

146
Q

Famous trial lawyer hired by aclu, agnostic, defense of the state of Tennessee v. John scopes case.

A

Clarence Darrow

147
Q

Believes a higher power exists, but entertains other theories as well

A

Agnostic

148
Q

The debate on the teaching of evolution or divine creation is often referred to as

A

scopes monkey trials

149
Q

Requires a separation of church and state

A

Establishment clause

150
Q

Less men needed to do work, machines could do more work in less time with less manual labor

A

Mechanization

151
Q

Election with republican candidate Herbert Hoover, and democrat Alfred Smith. Hoover won.

A

Election of 1928

152
Q

Why did Alfred Smith loose the election of 1928

A

He was the son of an immigrant, against prohibition, catholic, democratic

153
Q

October 29th 1929, the great stock market crashed, prices fell, panic, over 16 million shares sold

A

Black Tuesday

154
Q

Causes of the Great Depression

A

Destruction and debt from ww1, small number of people had most power, production was greater than people could afford, economists say it was no more than a regular part of the business cycle.

history (7 decks)

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