Unit 19: Nutrition and Heart Disease Flashcards
1
Q
Leading cause of death:
Accounts for ___% deaths
A
Heart disease
25% deaths
2
Q
Women on average die ____ years later
A
10 years. Estrogen is protective.
3
Q
What race is higher at risk?
A
African Americans
4
Q
9 Factors contributing to CVD risk:
A
- Smoking
- Hypertension
- High LDL, low HDL
- Obesity (central)
- Glucose intolerance
- Lack of exercise
- Heredity
- Male gender (after 45)
- Menopause in women
5
Q
Atherosclerosis
A
- Disease of arteries
- Deposition of fatty matter on their inner walls
- Chronic inflammation
- Elevated blood cholesterol and lipids
6
Q
HDL does what:
A
- Removes cholesterol from the blood, escorts it to the liver for excretion
7
Q
LDL does what:
A
- Carries cholesterol to the tissues
- Carries more cholesterol than HDL
- Incorporated into plague
- Increases chances of atherosclerosis and heart disease
8
Q
Triglycerides transported via:
A
VLDL
9
Q
Total cholesterol levels should be:
HDL:
LDL:
A
- 1mmol/L , females > 1.3 mmol/L
3. <3.5 mmol/L
10
Q
Total cholesterol : HDL
A
< 5.0
11
Q
Decreasing high cholesterol:
A
- Decrease intakes of saturated and trans fat
- Decrease intake of cholesterol
- Increase fiber
- Lose weight if necessary
12
Q
Diets high is saturated and low in fish, fruits and vegetables:
A
High blood cholesterol and CVD
13
Q
Dietary fat mostly mono saturated with fish, fruit, and vegetables:
A
Low blood cholesterol and CVD
14
Q
Formation of anti-inflammatory chemicals by:
A
Omega 3s, vitamin D
15
Q
EPA and DHA:
A
decrease blood triglyceride levels
