unit 16 Flashcards
population
total number of organisms of the same species living in the same geographical area
community
populations of all of the different species that live in the same habitat
biotic
living parts of environment
abiotic
non living parts of environment
ecosystem
abiotic and biotic parts of an environment and how they interact
what do plants need
light, space, water and mineral ions from the soil
what do animals need
space, territory, food, water and mates
interdependence
all of the diff species in a community depend on eachother for food,shelter, pollination and if one species is removed it can affect the whole community e.g animals depend of other living organisms for food
stable community
populations of the different species remain fairly constant
abiotic factors( non living factors that can affect a community)
-light intensity
-temperature
-moisture levels
-soil PH and mineral content
-wind intensity and direction
-co2 levels for plants
-oxygen levels for aquatic animals
biotic factors(living factors which can affect a community)
- availability of food
-new predators arriving
-new pathogens
-one species outcompeting another so the numbers and no longer sufficient to breed
adaptations and types
features that enable organisms to survive in the conditions in which they normally live
types:
-functional
-structural
-behavioral
extremophiles
organisms that live in environments that are very extreme. e.g high temps, pressure, salt concentration. (bacteria living in deep sea vents)
how can feeding relationships within a community be represented?
by food chains
what do producers do in food chains
synthesize molecules. (green plant/algae making glucose by photosynthesis)
why are a range of experimental methods using transects and quadrats used by ecologists?
to determine the distribution and abundance of species in an ecosystem
what happens in a stable community?
the numbers of predators and prey rise and fall in cycles