Unit 13: Treatment of Abnormal Behavior

Question 1

Treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve person growth.

Answer 1

Psychotherapy

Question 2

Prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person’s physiology

Answer 2

Biomedical Therapy

Question 3

An approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.

Answer 3

Eclectic Approach

Question 4

Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions.

Answer 4

Psychoanalysis

Question 5

In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

Answer 5

Resistance

Question 6

In psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.

Answer 6

Interpretation

Question 7

Therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight.

Answer 7

Psychodynamic Therapy

Question 8

A variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses.

Answer 8

Insight Therapies

Question 9

A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth.

Answer 9

Client-Centered Therapy

Question 10

A caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients to develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.

Answer 10

Unconditional Positive Regard

Question 11

Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.

Answer 11

Behavior Therapy

Question 12

Behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; include exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.

Answer 12

Counter-Conditioning

Question 13

Behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.

Answer 13

Exposure Therapies

Question 14

A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

Answer 14

Systematic Desensitization

Question 15

An anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking.

Answer 15

Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy

Question 16

A type of counter-conditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).

Answer 16

Aversive Conditioning

Question 17

An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privleges or treats.

Answer 17

Token Economy

Question 18

A confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people’s illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions.

Answer 18

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

Question 19

A popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).

Answer 19

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Question 20

Therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction.

Answer 20

Group Therapy

Question 21

Therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.

Answer 21

Family Therapy

Question 22

The tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.

Answer 22

Regression Toward the Mean

Question 23

A procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.

Answer 23

Meta-Analysis

Question 24

Clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.

Answer 24

Evidence-Based Practice

Question 25

A bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client’s problem.

Answer 25

Therapeutic Alliance

Question 26

The personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma.

Answer 26

Resilience

Question 27

The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

Answer 27

Psychopharmacology

Question 28

Drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.

Answer 28

Antipsychotic Drugs

Question 29

Drugs used to control anxiety and agitation.

Answer 29

Antianxiety Drugs

Question 30

A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.

Answer 30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Question 31

The application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity.

Answer 31

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)

Question 32

Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.

Answer 32

Psychosurgery

Question 33

A psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.

Answer 33

Lobotomy

Question 34

In psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationship (such as love or hatred for a parent).

Answer 34

Transference

Question 35

Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers’ client-centered therapy.

Answer 35

Active Listening

Question 36

Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

Answer 36

Cognitive Therapy

Question 37

Drugs used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Answer 37

Anti-Depressant Drugs