Unit 1.2 Poverty And Health Flashcards
Name 3 implications of ill health
Children missing school due to their own or family illness
Parents cannot look after their children properly or work efficiently
Economic production is affected as the workforce is weak or absent.
Define stress
A state of constant worry that can make people ill.
Name 4 factors that lead to good health
Safe water, good sanitation and hygienic conditions
An adequate amount of food and a varied diet
A spacious weather-proof shelter and clean air
A life-style that lacks stress and includes exercise
Knowledge of disease prevention and medical care
Name 2 causes of stress for families in developing countries
Worry about how to feed their children
Worry about how to find money for school fees
Define ‘Life Expectancy’ LE.
An estimate of the number of years likely to be lived at birth
What is meant by Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)?
The total number of infants dying before reaching their first birthday per 1000 live births in a given year.
Suggest 2 methods of disease prevention
Vaccination
Advice from health workers
What services might a PHC (Primary Health Care) clinic offer ? Name 6 things.
Basic first aid Pre-natal and post-natal care Information on disease prevention Advice on diet and healthy eating Vaccinations Provision of vitamin supplements and rehydration solutions Family panning Mental health care HIV / AIDS counselling
What is meant by Malnutrition?
Lack of required nutrients in the body
Why might people living in poverty be malnourished?
They can often only afford one meal a day which is unlikely to be balanced. Often meals consist of just one staple food such as rice or maize.
Define diarrhoea
An upset stomach causes fluids to be lost rapidly from the body in the form of liquid faeces.
What 4 food types are required for a balanced diet?
Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
Vitamins and minerals
What is an epidemic?
An infectious disease that is widespread amongst a population and often occurs suddenly
Name 3 things that can be done to ensure hygienic conditions.
Hand washing after visiting the toilet / latrine and before preparing food.
Keeping food and water covered to keep flies off.
Bodies and clothes should be washed with a soap containing anti-bacterial ingredients.
Name the 5 diseases that account for over a third of deaths in children under 5.
Aids Measles Malaria Diarrhoea Pneumonia
What does the word neonatal mean?
It relates to new born babies
New = new Natal = born
Why is drinking unclean water so dangerous for small children?
They often get diarrhoea from unclean water
This means they become malnourished as they cannot keep the nutrients from the food they eat.
This leaves them very weak and susceptible to cat hint other diseases….flu, whooping cough, measles etc
What is meant by universal access?
Available to everyone
Name 3 ways HIV is transmitted
Unprotected sex
From a mother during birth or breast-feeding
Drug abuse / sharing contaminated needles
Through blood transfusions
List 5 ways of preventing the spread of HIV
Prevention advice in schools and clinics
Free or cheap supply of condoms
Anti-retroviral drugs (ART’s) especially for expectant mothers
Improved diet and hygiene to keep the body strong
Media advertising
Free testing service
Name 3 ways in which malaria can be prevented
Use of mosquito nets sprayed with insecticide
Keeping covered especially at dusk and dawn when mosquitoes are most active.
Keeping homes and surrounding areas free from standing water where mosquitoes breed.
Name 2 problems caused by not having access to toilet or latrine facilities
Lack or privacy
Threat of sexual harassment
Other dangers such as snakes in long grass
