Unit 11 Vocabulary

Question 1

a structure that is present on 2 or more different organisms that have the same function.
ex: bat and butterfly wings

Answer 1

analogous structure

Question 2

when bacteria that is resistant to antibiotics reproduces to the point where it becomes ineffective.

Answer 2

antibiotic resistance

Question 3

when humans select and breed certain organisms for certain traits/characteristics

Answer 3

artificial selection

Question 4

broad short skulls(dogs)

Answer 4

brachycephalic

Question 5

mate organisms to produce offspring

Answer 5

breed

Question 6

organisms that cannot see in caves have this trait

Answer 6

cave blindness

Question 7

a diagram that shows relationship between species

Answer 7

cladogram

Question 8

all organisms evolved from a

Answer 8

common ancestor

Question 9

all organisms will eventually evolve to look/function the same

Answer 9

convergent evolution

Question 10

how animals, plants, and other living organisms manage to successfully survive changes to their environment or fail and die out.

Answer 10

differential survivorship

Question 11

organisms come from a common ancestor and evolve into multiple different one/types looking different and with different functions.

Answer 11

divergent evolution

Question 12

the role that an organism plays in their environment

Answer 12

ecological niche

Question 13

the science dealing with the formation, development, structure, and functional activities of embryos

Answer 13

embryological origin

Question 14

bulging eyes especially in specific dog breeds like pugs

Answer 14

eye proptosis

Question 15

the differences of DNA withing a species or population

Answer 15

genetic diversity

Question 16

occurs when the hip joint has not developed properly and the socket (acetabulum) is too shallow.

Answer 16

hip dysplasia

Question 17

a structure present on two or more organisms that look different and have a different function, but had the same origin

Answer 17

homologous structure

Question 18

an organism that has an external pouch

Answer 18

marsupial

Question 19

a change in DNA within a species

Answer 19

mutation

Question 20

survival of the fittest

Answer 20

natural selection

Question 21

each generation has more offspring than can be supported by the environment

Answer 21

overproduction

Question 22

A limb with five digits, characteristic of tetrapod vertebrates (amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals).

Answer 22

pentadactyl limb

Question 23

type of mammals

Answer 23

placental

Question 24

bred from members of a recognized breed, strain, or kind without cross-breeding over many generations.

Answer 24

purebred

Question 25

organisms with desirable characteristics are mated to produce offspring with the same characteristics

Answer 25

selective breeding

Question 26

any reason for organisms with certain phenotypes to have either a survival benefit or disadvantage

Answer 26

selective pressure

Question 27

a structure that has been passed on but slowly decreased in function over time

Answer 27

vestigial structure