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8th Science > Continental Boundaries & Drift > Flashcards

Continental Boundaries & Drift Flashcards

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1
Q

name the major plates in alphabetical order

A

African plate, antarctic plate, Eurasian plate, Indo-Australian plate, North American plate, Pacific plate, South American plate

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2
Q

How many major plates are there

A

seven

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3
Q

Hotter less dense material rises while cooler denser material sinks moves by cm/yr.

A

mantle convection

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4
Q

What causes plates to move?

A

moving mantle material aka basal friction

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5
Q

How slow does the slowest plate (Scotia) move?

A

0 cm/yr

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6
Q

How fast does the fastest plate (Indian) move

A

100 cm/yr

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7
Q

Secondary mechanism, gravity pushes oceanic plate away, higher elevation, Mid-ocean____

A

ridge push

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8
Q

The oceanic plate is pulled into the mantle and is destroyed/ converted into mantle material due to subduction. Also a secondary mechanism.

A

slab pull

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9
Q

What do characteristics of plates depend on?

A

location/way they move/ Oceanic or Continental

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10
Q

2 plats grind past each other.

A

transform boundary

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11
Q

plates are not created nor destroyed

A

transform boundary

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12
Q

powerful earthquakes are created

A

transform boundary

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13
Q

potential energy that builds then slips

A

transform boundary

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14
Q

no volcanoes

A

transform boundary

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15
Q

San Andreas Fault

A

transform boundary

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16
Q

frequent weak earthquakes that cause cities to move closer together

A

transform boundary

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17
Q

two plates move away from each other

A

divergent boundaries

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18
Q

small volcanoes & shallow/weak earthquakes

A

divergent boundaries

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19
Q

two types of divergent boundaries

A

1)oceanic-oceanic
2)continental-continental

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20
Q

Seafloor spreading and new floor built

A

oceanic- oceanic divergent

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21
Q

new oceanic basin

A

oceanic-oceanic divergent

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22
Q

How new crust is formed

A

oceanic-oceanic divergent

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23
Q

mid-ocean ridge that forms at the spreading center

A

oceanic-oceanic divergent

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24
Q

newest lithosphere

A

oceanic-oceanic divergent

25
Q

Mid-Atlantic ridge:caused by Eurasia and North American plate in the North along with south america and africa in the south.

A

oceanic-oceanic divergent

26
Q

Rift valley forms as ocean splits
central rift splits and ocean water fills it. new ocean basin forms.

A

continental-continental divergent

27
Q

most action,plates move and slide towards each other

A

convergent boundaries

28
Q

three types:

A

1) Oceanic-Oceanic convergent boundaries
2)Continental-Oceanic convergent boundaries
3) Continental-Continental boundaries

29
Q

subduction zone, trench, into asthenosphere and converted into mantle material, Strong Volcanoes&Earthquakes

A

Continental/Oceanic convergent

30
Q

Andes mountain range

A

continental/oceanic convergent

31
Q

older cooler and denser crust slips below the other, causes volcano formation and island arcs, tsunamis,

A

oceanic/oceanic convergent

32
Q

Japanese & Aleutian Islands

A

oceanic/oceanic convergent

33
Q

no subduction, no compression, rise up, plates are compressed, folded & uplifted, causing formation of huge mountains, Earthquakes are weaker than transform boundaries but greater than divergent boundaries so medium
no volcanoes

A

continental/continental convergent

34
Q

Himalayas

A

Continental/Continental Convergent

35
Q

continents are part of the plate and they move slowly cm/yr. mantle convection and basal friction

A

plate tectonics

36
Q

supercontinent, most of all land on Earth

A

Pangea

37
Q

335 mya

A

Pangea

38
Q

Pangea started to break up into smaller continents

A

175 mya

39
Q

Mostly was in southern hemisphere and surrounded by global ocean.

A

Pangea

40
Q

pan means

A

entire

41
Q

gaia means

A

earth

42
Q

due to divergent boundaries forming rift valleys pangea splits in two in
the first split

A

175 mya

43
Q

two parts of Pangea

A

1) Laurasia
2) Gondwana

44
Q

North America, Eurasia, Greenland

A

Laurasia

45
Q

South america, africa, India, arabia, antarctica, australia

A

gondwana

46
Q

Gondwana breaks into five major parts

A

150 mya

47
Q

Laurasia breaks into North America+greenland= laurentia & Eurasia

A

60 mya

48
Q

India runs into Asia and form the Himalayas in

A

35 mya

49
Q

Isthmus of Panama connects North and South America which seperates the Atlantic and pacific ocean

A

2.8 mya

50
Q

Supercontinents are

A

cyclical

51
Q

Nuna

A

1.8 bya

52
Q

Rodinia

A

1.1 bya

53
Q

panotia

A

600 mya

54
Q

Pangea Ultima

A

250 mya into the future . The supercontinent of the future

55
Q

230 mya fossils found in Africa, South America, and Antarctica

A

Cygnognathus

56
Q

250 mya fossils in India, Africa, and Antarctica

A

Lystrosaurus

57
Q

250 mya fossils found in Africa & South America

A

Mesosaurus

58
Q

250 mya fossils in africa, India, New Zealand & Australia, and Antarctica

A

Glossopteris

8th Science (11 decks)

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