functional layers of the Earth Flashcards
78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen along with other trace gases such as carbon dioxide and argon
atmosphere
made of gases
atmosphere
all water on earth whether frozen or liquid or gas
hydrosphere
on and in the crust
hydrosphere
mostly in the ocean
hydrosphere
all living organisms on Earth(only) wherever there is liquid water
biosphere
atmosphere and hydrosphere is where this is
biosphere
greek for rock
lithosphere
includes crust and upper mantle
lithosphere
rigid and remains rigid for long periods of time
lithosphere
when it comes into pressure it breaks broken into tectonic plates
lithosphere
greek for weak
asthenosphere
upper mantle and relatively thin
50-100 miles deep/thick
asthenosphere
highly viscous almost solid
flows reluctantly
asthenosphere
mechanically molds and mushes
asthenosphere
ductile not rigid ; crust floats on it
asthenosphere
moves in convection cells
asthenosphere
moves cm/yr or cm per year
asthenosphere
seismic waves slowly travel through it
asthenosphere
moves slower as it deepens
asthenosphere
low velocity zone (LVZ)
asthenosphere
Greek for middle
mesosphere
higher density
mesosphere
seismic waves move much more quickly than lithosphere or asthenosphere
mesosphere
bottom 80% of the mantle
mesosphere
hotter than asthenosphere
mesosphere
ability to flow varies
mesosphere
The less easier it is to flow the deeper it gets since pressure fights heat
mesosphere
mostly iron and nickel
outer core
liquid & high temperature
outer core
5k-8k degrees Fahrenheit
outer core
low viscosity liquid
outer core
flows turbulently
outer core
magnetic field
outer core
nearly all iron and a complete solid
inner core
10k degrees Fahrenheit
inner core
70% the size of the moon
inner core
Order the functional layers from top to bottom
lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core