Unit 11: Moles Flashcards
Collection Term
a term that states a specific NUMBER OF ITEMS.
ex) 1 dozen donuts = 12 donuts
A mole is a collection that contains…
the same number of particles as there are carbon atoms in 12.0 g of carbon 12C.
Avogadro’s Number
6.02 x 10^23
A mole of a ionic compound has Avogadro’s Number of…
formula units
Unit used for covalent compounds
molecule
Avogadro’s number is used to convert
__________ of a substance to _________.
ATOMS and MOLES, PARTICLES
The SUBSCRIPTS in a formula give…
(with respect to moles)
- The relationship of atoms in the formula.
- The moles of each element in 1 mole of compound.
The MOLAR MASS is…
- The mass of one mole of a substance.
- The atomic mass of an element expressed in grams.
ex) Carbon is 12.01 g/mol
Mole Factor
moles = mass/molar mass
What are mole factors used for?
to convert between the grams of a substance and the number of moles
Gases are…
diatomic
All gases are diatomic but which elements are the exception to this rule?
group 8 elements
How many liters of gas are in a mole?
22.4 L
The relative amounts of each element in a compound are expressed as the _________________, which is the percent by mass of each element in the compound.
percent composition
Percent Composition Formula
(mass of element (in 1 mole of compound) / molar mass of compound) x 100
Empirical Formula
represents the smalled ratio of atoms present in a compound
Molecular Formula
gives the total number of atoms of each element present in one molecule of a compound
Empirical Formula is the…
simplest formula
Molecular Formula is the…
“true” formula
Hydrate
A compound that has a specific number of WATER MOLECULES bound to its atoms
What is the form when naming hydrates?
compound+dot+prefix+hydrate
What is the remaining substance called after heating up a hydrate?
Anhydrous
Uses of Hydrates
Absorb water when in the ANHYDROUS form
//
Added to fuel to keep water out the of mixture
//
Keeps electronics safe from humid air conditions.
Steps to determine a hydrate (formula)
Step 1: find the mass of water/anhydrous product
Step 2: convert to moles
Step 3:divide moles of water by moles of anhydrous product
