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Business A Level > Unit 10 > Flashcards

Unit 10 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 causes of change?

A

Internal/External

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2
Q

What is incremental change?

A

Small changes responding to opportunities and threats

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3
Q

What is disruptive change?

A

Arisen from changes in external environment

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4
Q

What does Lewin’s Force Field Analysis assess?

A

Driving forces and resisting forces to change

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5
Q

What is restructuring?

A

Changing capital structure or business scope

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6
Q

What is delayering?

A

Removing layers of the hierarchy

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7
Q

What is an organic structure characterised by?

A

Informal, flexible, accepts change

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8
Q

What is a mechanistic structure characterised by?

A

Formal, centralised, no perceived need for change, resist change

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9
Q

What are Kotter and Schlesinger 4 resistors to change?

A

Self-interest, misunderstanding, different assessment, low tolerance

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10
Q

What are the 6 ways to overcome barriers to change?

A

Education, manipulation, coercion, negotiation, facilitation, participation

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11
Q

What are Handy’s 4 classifications of organisational culture?

A

Power, person, role, task

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12
Q

What is organisation culture?

A

Unspoken way things are done within a business

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13
Q

What are Handy’s 6 dimensions of international culture?

A

Masc v Fem, Long-term orientation, Uncertainty avoidance, power distance, indulgence v restraint, individualism v collectivism

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14
Q

What is a strong culture?

A

Embedded and staff understand

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15
Q

What is a weak culture?

A

Little alignment of values and inconsistent behaviour

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16
Q

What are 3 reasons for changing organisational culture?

A

Poor performance, new leadership, external environment

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17
Q

What are Johnson and Scholes’s 6 problems when changing organisational culture?

A

Power structures, symbols, stories, routines, control systems, organisational structures

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18
Q

What are the 4 sections of Schein’s model?

A

Paradigm, behaviours, beliefs, values

19
Q

What is strategy?

A

The choices a business makes to achieve its objectives

20
Q

What is a functional structure?

A

Business organised into different departments based on expertise

21
Q

What is a product-based structure?

A

Assign employees to specific divisions for their product

22
Q

What is a regional structure?

A

Divisions based in different geographical areas

23
Q

What is a matrix structure?

A

Traditional departments in functional structure have project teams

24
Q

What is critical path analysis?

A

Planning method to help a business complete a project in the shortest amount of time possible

25
Q

What is considered the critical path?

A

Longest duration to complete a task

26
Q

What goes in the left half of each task?

A

Node

27
Q

What goes in the top right quadrant?

A

Earliest start time

28
Q

What goes in the bottom right quadrant?

A

Latest finishing time

29
Q

What is the EST where the activities meet?

A

Highest figure

30
Q

What is the LFT where activities meet?

A

Lowest figure

31
Q

What is a float and how do we calculate it?

A

The time an activity can be delayed without the project time increasing. LFT - activity duration - EST

32
Q

What is a planned strategy?

A

Strategy following corporate objectives

33
Q

What is an emergent strategy?

A

Strategy that adapts to external changes

34
Q

What is strategic drift?

A

When a strategy fails to adapt to the external environment

35
Q

What is corporate governance?

A

The system by which a company is directed and controlled

36
Q

Who is responsible for corporate governance?

A

Board of directors

37
Q

What is strategic planning?

A

Planning to achieve long term goals

38
Q

Why is strategic planning useful?

A

Informs internal stakeholders of where the business is heading which helps reduce uncertainty and risk

39
Q

What is the issue with strategic planning?

A

Does not consider changes in the external environment

40
Q

What is contingency planning?

A

A plan to overcome unexpected events

41
Q

Why are contingency plans useful?

A

Reduce damage from external changes

42
Q

What is the issue with contingency planning?

A

Impossible to plan for every eventuality + opportunity cost

43
Q

Draw the strategic drift model.

A

.

Business A Level (10 decks)

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