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LCCC US History > Unit 1 Vocab > Flashcards

Unit 1 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Coureurs de bois

A

“Wood runners” or independent fur traders who ventured into the forests to live and trade with natives.

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2
Q

Filles du roi

A

“Kings daughters” orphaned girls and widows.

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3
Q

Indentured servants (engagés)

A

Agreed to work for three years in return for food, lodging, small salary, and return passage to France.

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4
Q

West India company

A

Created in 1621 by the Dutch; taking control of slave trading posts and occupying parts of Brazil, then moving into the Caribbean and North America.

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5
Q

New Amsterdam

A

Established on Manhattan Island by Peter Minuit and a company of Protestant refugees.

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6
Q

The Hudson River

A

A corridor between New Amsterdam and Fort Orange which became the heart of the New Netherland Colony.

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7
Q

In 1638, how many Africans lived in New Amsterdam?

A

About 100, or almost 1/3 of the city’s population.

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8
Q

What happened in 1645?

A

Governor Willem Kieft ordered a massacre which was rather gruesome.

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9
Q

Governor Peter Stuyvesant…

A

Antagonized Susquehannock natives along the Delaware River by seizing a small Swedish colony.

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10
Q

In 1606, several English merchants petitioned…

A

King James I for a charter incorporating two companies to attempt New world settlement.

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11
Q

Joint-stock companies

A

Sold shares to investors to raise money for colonization.

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12
Q

Malarial mosquitoes

A

Were incredibly harmful to the colonists, leaving only 38 of them alive by January 1608.

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13
Q

Headright system

A

Gave 50 acres to anyone who paid his own way to Virginia and an additional 50 acres for each person (head) brought with them.

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14
Q

House of Burgesses

A

The first legislative body in English America, set a precedent for the establishment of self-government in other English colonies.

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15
Q

Pocahontas

A

Married colonist John Rolfe, was Powhatans daughter, helped seal peace in 1614.

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16
Q

Proprietary colony

A

The sole possession of Calvert and his heirs.

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17
Q

Puritans

A

Believed queen Elizabeth’s reforms of the Church of England didn’t do enough, mostly about ensuring the church members were saved.

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18
Q

Act for Religious Toleration

A

The fist law in America to call for freedom of worship for Christians. (Brought no peace)

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19
Q

Separatists

A

Concluded that the Church of England would never change and left it to form their own congregations.

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20
Q

Pilgrims

A

Thought of themselves as spiritual wanderers.

21
Q

Slave codes

A

Laws that declared slavery to be a lifelong condition that passes from slave parents to their children.

22
Q

Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina

A

Plan to ensure the colony’s stability. Linked property ownership and political rights to a hierarchical social order.

23
Q

Quakers

A

Rejected formal theology and educated ministry, focusing instead on the importance of the “inner light” or Holy Spirit within them.

24
Q

Frame of government

A

William Penns 1682 plan for the government of Pennsylvania. It created weak legislature and strong executive. Contained provision for religious freedom.

25
Q

Encomienda

A

The grant to a Spanish settler of a certain number of native subjects, who would pay him in goods and labor.

26
Q

Beaver wars

A

Series of bloody conflicts (1640s & 1680s) which the Iroquois fought the Hurons and French for control of the fur trade.

27
Q

King Phillips war

A

Conflict in New England between natives and English settlers.

28
Q

Bacons rebellion

A

Violent conflict in Virginia beginning with settler attacks on natives.

29
Q

Middle passage

A

The voyage between west Africa and the new world slave colonies.

30
Q

Stono rebellion

A

Uprising of the slaves against whites.

31
Q

Redemptioner

A

Similar to an indentured servant but that they signed a labor contract in America instead of Europe.

32
Q

Mercantilism

A

Government intervenes in the economy for the purpose of increasing national wealth.

33
Q

Age of enlightenment

A

Major intellectual movement in Western Europe

34
Q

Virtual representation

A

Parliament members represented the interests of the nation.

35
Q

Actual representation

A

Representatives reside in their districts and respond to local interests.

36
Q

“Real Whig” ideology

A

Thought in response to the growth of governmental power and a national debt.

37
Q

Halfway covenant

A

Plan to deal with problem of declining church membership, allowed children to be baptized not matter the circumstance.

38
Q

Great awakening

A

Religious revival first in the middle colonies, then southern.

39
Q

New lights

A

People who experienced conversion during the revivals of the great awakening.

40
Q

Treaty of Lancaster

A

Iroquois chiefs sold Virginia land speculators the right to trade at the forks of the Ohio.

41
Q

French and Indian war

A

The last of the Anglo-French colonial wars; first in which fighting began in north America. France lost.

42
Q

Treaty of Paris

A

The formal end to British hostilities against France and Spain.

43
Q

Salutary neglect

A

Colonies ignore eachother. (Schneider used the analogy: when a married couple not longer has a spark, but they aren’t arguing, so they ignore eachother)

44
Q

Colombian exchange

A

Moving of people, plants, disease, food, etc. around the world.

45
Q

Who was the proprietors of Plymouth

A

Pilgrims

46
Q

Who were the proprietors of Maryland

A

Calvert

47
Q

Who were the proprietors of New York

A

James II

48
Q

Who were the proprietors of Jamestown

A

The London company

LCCC US History (3 decks)

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