UNIT 1 TOPIC 1 Flashcards
What is an element?
pure substance that only contains one type of element
What is an Isotope?
Variation of an element with the same atomic number/number of protons, but different mass number/number of neutrons
What is an ion?
an atom that has lost or gained electrons to become a charged particle (protons =/ electrons)
What is atomic number?
number of protons in an atoms nucleus, the atomic number is the top number on a period box
What is mass number?
mass of an atom, is equal to protons + neutrons
In what context are the amount of protons and electrons the same?
in a particle with no charge, particle/atom that hasn’t lost/gained electrons
What are the 5 the periodic trends?
McCAFE
Metallic Character, Core Charge, Atomic Radius, First Ionisation Energy and Electronegativity
What is Metallic Character and how does it increase?
degree in which an element is shiny and conducts electricity
increases ↙
What is Core Charge/Effective Nuclear Charge and how does it increase?
The pull of the positive nucleus on valence electrons
increases ⭢
How is core charge calculated?
protons - inner shell electrons = core charge
What is Atomic Radius and how does it increase?
the distance from the centre of an atom to the valence electrons
increases ↙
What is First Ionisation Energy and how does it increase?
the energy required to remove the first valence electron
increases ↗
What is Electronegativity and how does it increase?
ability of an element to attract shared electrons towards itself
increases ↗
What is Help Protect PRAM stand for?
critical elements
helium, phosphorus, post transition metals, rare earth elements and metalloids
What is a circular economy?
continuous cycle that focuses on reuse and repurposing of materials to ensure a more sustainable future
