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Sports > Unit 1: the skeletal system > Flashcards

Unit 1: the skeletal system Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

Shape

A

Bones give you shape by:

  • Shape of your face
  • How tall you are
  • Length of limbs
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2
Q

Support

A

The skeleton supports your organs, it is something for them to attach to, or suspend from so they don’t collapse.

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3
Q

Protection

A

The skeleton protects your internal organs from impact.

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4
Q

Movement

A

Our muscles are attached to the skeleton and when the muscles contract they pull on bones to produce movement.

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5
Q

Blood cell production

A

Bones are light because they are not solid. Inside some of the bones is bone marrow where blood cells are created.

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6
Q

Mineral storage

A

Calcium and phosphorus is stored in the bones. These are then used in other parts of the body for different functions.

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7
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

The core of our skeleton, the main function is to protect the vital organs.

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8
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

It is made if the bones that makes up our limbs, it’s main function is movement

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9
Q

Head

A

Cranium

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10
Q

Chest

A

Clavicle
Scapula
Sternum
Ribs

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11
Q

Arm

A

Humerus
Radius
Ulna

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12
Q

hands

A

Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges

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13
Q

Pelvis

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

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14
Q

Legs

A

Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula

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15
Q

Feet

A

Talus
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

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16
Q

Vertebral Column: C…

A

Cervical

Charlie

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17
Q

Vertebral Column: T…

A

Thoracic

Tries

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18
Q

Vertebral Column: L…

A

Lumbar

Learning

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19
Q

Vertebral Column: S…

A

Sacrum

Soccer

20
Q

Vertebral Column: C…

A

Coccyx

Chants

21
Q

Long bones

A

Bones that are longer than they are wide

- Their purpose if for movement/leverage

22
Q

Long bones examples

A

Femur, humerus and radius

23
Q

Short bones

A

These bones are small and boxy

- Their purpose is to bear weight

24
Q

Short bone examples

A

Carpal bones and tarsal bones

25
Q

Flat Bones

A

Bones that are thin and flat, sometimes they have a slight curve
- Their purpose is to protect vital organs

26
Q

Flat bones examples

A

Cranium and sternum

27
Q

Sesamoid bones

A

A bone embedded in a tendon or muscle

- Their purpose is to protect the joints

28
Q

Sesamoid bone examples

A

Patella

29
Q

Irregular bones

A

Bones that cannot be grouped with the rest

-Protection of the vertebral column

30
Q

Irregular bones examples

A

Vertebrae

31
Q

Fixed/fused joints

A

These joints allow no movement at all.

32
Q

Slightly movable/cartilaginous joints

A

These are joints that include bones that held together with only cartilage so only allow a small amount of movement in most directions

33
Q

Freely movable/ synovial joints

A

These joints allow almost total free movement

34
Q

Hinge joint

A 
Can move in only one direction 
Eg:
Elbow 
Knee
Ankle
35
Q

Pivot joint

A

Allows rotational movement around a singular axis
Eg:
Neck
Radio-Ulnar

36
Q

Ball and socket joint

A

Allows movement in all directions
Eg:
Hip
Shoulder

37
Q

Condyloid joint

A

Allows movement forward and backwards
Eg:
Wrist

38
Q

Saddle Joint

A

Very strong and allows movement backwards, forwards and side to side.
Eg:
Thumb

39
Q

Gliding Joint

A 
Two flat bones come together, they allow little movement in a number of directions.
Eg:
Tarsals 
Carpals 
Lower Vertebrae
40
Q

Articular/hyaline Cartilage

A

This cartilage covers the ends of bones where they meet, it is hard, sooth and a bluish/white colour. Because it is so smooth it allows bones to move against each other with limited freedom

41
Q

Ligaments

A

Ligaments join bone to bone, they hold the bones together to ensure that the joint is stable. Ligaments are extremely strong and lightly elastic to allow movement.

42
Q

Synovial membrane

A

This is the layer that contains the synovial fluid within it,

43
Q

synovial fluid

A

This fluid lies within the synovial membrane, it acts as a shock absorber for any impact and reduces the friction in the joint.

44
Q

Menisci/meniscus

A

These are pads of tissue in between the articular cartilage and within the synovial fluid. they also act as a shock absorber.

45
Q

pads of fat

A

Pads of fat sit within a joint, in order to reduce friction. In the knee. They sit at the end of bones below the patella.

46
Q

bursae

A

Small sacs of fluid located where ever there may be friction in the joint.

47
Q

Joint capsule

A

The protective layer around a joint

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