Unit 1: The Renaissance Flashcards
Renaissance late 1400s
revolutionized Europe to bring it out of the Middle Ages
Renaissance Development
art, architecture, secular studies
Renaissance Secularism Effect
led to 100 Years War and the Great Schism
Renaissance Literature
rediscovery of classical texts from ancient Greece and Rome
Renaissance Literature Effect
arose new values socially, politically, and religiously
Commercial and Agricultural Capitalism
jobs turned away from agriculture and towards societal and economic structure
Renaissance Emergence
rediscovery of ancient Greece and Rome ideals of light and enjoyment of life
Cultural and Political Revolution Spread
higher availability of texts by Aristotle, Plato, and Cicero in modern language
Social Structure Changes
certain individuals like scholars and artists occupied a different place in society
Social Class and Wealth
still very important, hierarchy and status continued
Agricultural Importance
lives centered around seasons, village, or manor (not much change for average European)
Fuedalism
idea of power was dismantled
Conquest motivation
had to spread the gospel and get gold/spices for economic growth
Secularism
leaning away from religion being the center of everyday life
Capitalism
formation of capital holding companies that engaged in expensive and risky trade with Russia, the Far East, and other remote trading
Serfdom
where peasants/ serfs were indentured servants to wealthy lords
Oligarchy
rule by a restricted number of wealthy merchants
Columbian Exchange
plants, animals, humans, cultures, germs, and ideas between Europe, America, and Africa
Commercial Revolution
population growth and improvements in banking, trade, and manufacturing led to commercial growth
Price Revolution
importation of silver and gold that caused inflation of European goods
Despotism
popolo Grassi= wealthy merchants that dominated economic and political life
Humanism
The most important literary movement that was an intellectual movement based on the study of the secular Classical literary works of Greece and Rome
Medici Family
the Godfathers of the Renaissance, highly influential patrons that used wealth to provide support to artistic and intellectual growth
Bullionism during the Commercial Revolution
the accumulation of precious metals like gold and silver to measure a nation’s wealth and power
Mercantilist Policies during the Commercial Revolution
commonly employed by European colonial powers, things like exclusive trade and extraction of resources from the colonies to benefit motherland’s economy
Mercantilism during the Commercial Revolution
accumulated wealth through trade
Banks during the Commercial Revolution
new financial institutions that offered currency exchange, loans, and letters of credit to facilitate international trade
Hanseatic League
powerful trading alliance of Northern European cities that promoted commercial interests and trade routes
Labor Systems during the Commercial Revolution
growth of wage labor as merchants and entrepreneurs needed workers for their expanding markets, serfdom got less popular
Leonardo da Vinci
came up with the scientific method and was a renowned artist, scientist, and inventor
Leonardo da Vinci
painted the Mona Lisa
Michelangelo
art work that demonstrated psychological insight and realism
Michelangelo
Sistine Chapel and St. Peter’s Basilica
Raphael
art that epitomized Renaissance qualities of harmony and ideal beauty
Raphael
painted School of Athens that epitomized worldly truth
Sandro Botticelli
paintings that reflected humanist ideals of anatomy and perspective
Sandro Botticelli
painted Primavera
Johannes Gutenburg
German inventor of printing press mid 15th century
Machievelli
books on philosophical ideals of humanism and human nature in an ideal monarchy
Social Structure during the Commercial Revolution
created opportunities for merchants to accumulate wealth, led to emergence of wealthy merchant class
