Unit 1 - The Global Tapestry

Question 1

Song Dynasty

Answer 1

Chinese dynasty (960 - 1279 CE) that could be considered their “golden age” when China saw many important inventions. There was a magnetic compass; had a navy; traded with India and Persia; paper money, gun powder

Question 2

Confucianism

Answer 2

A philosophy that adheres to the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. It shows the way to ensure a stable government and an orderly society in the present world and stresses a moral code of conduct.

Question 3

Filial Piety

Answer 3

In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one’s parents and ancestors.

Question 4

Neo-Confucianism

Answer 4

The Confucian response to Buddhism by taking Confucian and Buddhist beliefs and combining them into this. However, it is still very much Confucian in belief.

Question 4

Theravada Buddhism

Answer 4

the oldest of the two major branches of Buddhism. Practiced mainly in Sri Lanka, Thailand, Burma, and Cambodia, its beliefs are relatively conservative, holding close to the original teachings of the Buddha

Question 5

Mahayana Buddhism

Answer 5

“Great Vehicle” branch of Buddhism followed in China, Japan, and Central Asia. The focus is on reverence for Buddha and for Bodhisattva, enlightened persons who have postponed Nirvana to help others attain enlightenment. It was a more “user friendly” Buddhism that developed as Buddhism spread into East and Southeast Asia.

Question 6

Tibetan Buddhism

Answer 6

a Buddhist doctrine that includes elements from India that are not Buddhist and elements of preexisting shamanism, a tradition of Buddhism that teaches that people can use special techniques to harness spiritual energy and can achieve nirvana in a single lifetime

Question 6

Champa Rice

Answer 6

Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season; led to increased populations in Song Dynasty China. Originally introduced into Vietnam from India, it was later sent to China as a tribute gift by the Champa state (as part of the tributary system.)

Question 7

Grand Canal

Answer 7

The 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Dynasty.

Question 8

Seljuk Empire

Answer 8

Turkic empire ruled by sultans in Persia and modern-day
Iraq (11th and 12th centuries); Established Turks as major ethnic group carrying Islam across Eurasia, along with Arabs and Persians; Demonstrated weakness of Abbasid caliphate in its later
years; sultans held real power in the empire; Helped to spread the influence of Islam throughout the region

Question 8

Flying Money

Answer 8

Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency

Question 9

Delhi Sultanate

Answer 9

The first Islamic government established within India from 1206-1520. Controlled a small area of northern India and was centered in Delhi.

Question 10

Abbasid Caliphate

Answer 10

(750-1258 CE) The caliphate, after the Umayyads, who focused more on administration than conquering. Had a bureaucracy that any Muslim could be a part of.

Question 10

House of Wisdom in Baghdad

Answer 10

Large Islamic-based Library and learning center. Focus of conversion of Greek and Roman classics and Indian learning into Arabic. Preserved knowledge.

Question 11

Bhakti Movement

Answer 11

An immensely popular development in Hinduism, advocating intense devotion toward a particular deity.

Question 12

Sufism

Answer 12

An Islamic mystical tradition that desired a personal union with God–divine love through intuition rather than through rational deduction and study of the Shari’a. Followed an ascetic routine (denial of physical desire to gain a spiritual goal), dedicating themselves to fasting, prayer, meditation on the Qur’an, and the avoidance of sin.

Question 13

Feudalism

Answer 13

A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land

Question 14

Great Zimbabwe

Answer 14

A powerful state in the African interior that apparently emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast; flourished between 1250 and 1350 C.E.

Question 14

Vassal

Answer 14

a person under the protection of a feudal lord to whom he or she owes allegiance

Question 14

Manorialism

Answer 14

Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land; the economic side of feudalism

Question 15

Serf

Answer 15

an agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on their lord’s estate.

Question 16

Cahokia

Answer 16

The dominant center of an important Mississippi valley mound-building culture, located near present-day St. Louis, Missouri; flourished from about 900 to 1250 C.E.

Question 16

Maya city-states

Answer 16

Classical culture in Southern Mexico and Central America; contemporary with Teotihuacan; extended over broad region; featured monumental architecture, written language, calendar system, mathematical system

Question 17

Meritocracy

Answer 17

government or the holding of power by people selected on the basis of their ability; used in China via the Civil Service Exam

Question 17

Syncretism

Answer 17

The unification or blending of opposing people, ideas, or practices, frequently in the realm of religion. For example, when Christianity or Buddhism was adopted by people in a new land, they often incorporate it into their existing culture and traditions.

Question 17

Zen Buddhism

Answer 17

(also called Chen) a Japanese school of Mahayana Buddhism emphasizing the value of meditation and intuition; illustrates the adaptations Buddhism made as it spread to new areas and interacted with different cultures

Question 18

Greek Philosophy

Answer 18

the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics; distinguished by the ideas of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle; preserved by the Arabs after the Roman Empire collapsed

Question 18

Chinampas

Answer 18

Floating gardens constructed along lake shores by the Mexica/Aztecs to increase agricultural yields.

Question 19

Mita System

Answer 19

economic system in Inca society where people paid taxes with their labor and what they produced; men and women were expected to contribute this labor to the state yearly

Question 20

Waru Waru Agriculture

Answer 20

A form of farming used in the Inca Empire; divided the hills into terraces or flat steps almost like steps; they could then control the amount of water being put into those places; led to vastly improved agriculture for the Incas

Question 21

Renaissance

Answer 21

“rebirth”; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome; began in Florence, Italy and spread throughout Europe

Question 21

Crusades

Answer 21

A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule; ultimately spread culture and increased trade but were not successful

Question 22

three-field system

Answer 22

A rotational system for agriculture in which one field grows grain, one grows legumes, and one lies fallow. Restores nutrients to the soil to improve crop yields. It gradually replaced two-field system in medieval Europe.

Question 23

Great Schism

Answer 23

in 1054, divided medieval Christianity into (Greek) and Western (Latin) branches, which later became known as the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church. Relations between East and West had long been embittered by political and ecclesiastical differences and theological disputes.

Question 24

coercive labor

Answer 24

Any labor system that involves force (slavery, chattel slavery, serfdom, and indentured labor)

Question 25

Fief

Answer 25

land granted by a lord to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and service

Question 26

Buddhist Monks

Answer 26

religious communities where Buddha’s followers stayed, studied, and meditated; both men and women could join monasteries as monks or nuns; often exempt from taxation which put strains on Chinese political systems

Question 27

1200-1400 Middle-East

Answer 27

Dar-Al-Islam, Mediterranean Trade routes,

Question 28

Europe 1200-1450

Answer 28

Middle ages and Fuedalism, Mediterranean Trade Routes

Question 29

Africa 1200-1450

Answer 29

Bantu, Migrations, East Africa, West Africa, Gold and Salt Trade

Question 30

South Asia 1200-1450

Answer 30

Spread of hinduism and buddhism, Indian Ocean Trade Routes

Question 31

East Asian(China and Japan) 1200-1450

Answer 31

SONG Dynasty Korea and japan Silk Road Mongols

Question 32

SouthEast Asia 1200-1450

Answer 32

Pagan Khmer and Sriyiijaya

Question 33

Americans

Answer 33

1200-1450