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AP European History- Wadley > Unit 1 Test Concept Guide > Flashcards

Unit 1 Test Concept Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

Who wrote “Oration on the Dignity of Man”?

A

Pico Della Mandosa

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2
Q

What did the “Oration” contribute?

A

embodied public discourse, and represented Renaissance’s contribution to the debate of humanism and theology?

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3
Q

Fathers of Scholasticism?

A

Peter Abelard, Lanfranc of Canterbury and Anselm of Canterbury

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4
Q

What is scholasticism based on?

A

logic and writing of early church fathers

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5
Q

What did scholasticism emphasize?

A

tradition and doctrine

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6
Q

when was scholasticism popular

A

medieval

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7
Q

What did Pico Della Mirandola write

A

Oration on the Dignity of Man

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8
Q

When did Pico Della Mirandola influence?

A

Italian Rennaisance

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9
Q

What was the major way Greeks and romans influenced the Renaissance?

A

Art and humanism

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10
Q

What was Erasmus?

A

Christian, Northern humanist

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11
Q

When did Erasmus influence?

A

Renaissance

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12
Q

What did Erasmus believe?

A

Salvation is based on deeds of love,

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13
Q

What was Erasmus’ main occupation

A

Writer

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14
Q

Define humanism

A

emphasizes the importance of the human rather than the divine, stresses goodness of human beings and promotes rationality

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15
Q

Define christian humanism

A

freedom, conscience, and rational thinking can work together with Christianity

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16
Q

Civic humanism

A

moral, social, and political philosophy

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17
Q

Father of humanism?

A

Francesco Petrarca

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18
Q

When did humanism originate?

A

Renaissance

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19
Q

2 major denominations of Christianty

A

Catholic and Protestant

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20
Q

What do Catholics believe?

A
  • original and first christian church

- Pope is the head

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21
Q

What do protestants believe?

A

-catholics stemmed from original church and became corrupt

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22
Q

What is the significance of the Gutenberg bible

A

first major book printed on a mass scale

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23
Q

Who is Johannes Gutenberg

A

Credited with printing press

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24
Q

Significance of Vernacular

A

People could now understand the bible and think for themselves

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25
Q

What is seen as the beginning of the protestant reformation

A

When Charles the VIII broke off from Catholicism and created the church of England because he couldn’t get a divorce

26
Q

founder of the Zwingli?

A

Ulrich Zwingli

27
Q

What did Zwingli believe?

A

Catholic church needed reform

  • everything needed biblical justification
  • radical
28
Q

Where was the Zwingli faith founded?

A

Zurich

29
Q

Founder of Anabatists

A

Conrad Grebel

30
Q

Who are the modern day Anabaptists?

A

Amish, similar to Mennonites

31
Q

What was the main thing Anabaptists believed?

A

Adult baptism

32
Q

Founder of antitrinitarians

A

Michael Servetus

33
Q

What was the Peace of Augsburg

A

settlement with the HRE arising from the reformation that said each prince could decide the religion

34
Q

Who called the Peace of Augsburg to order?

A

Charles V

35
Q

Founder of Calvinism?

A

John Calvin

36
Q

Who was John Calvin?

A

leading French protestant reformer

37
Q

What do Calvinists believe?

A

predestination

38
Q

Who was Martin Luther?

A

Catholic turned reformer

  • monk
  • founder of Lutheranism
39
Q

Who posted the 95 theses

A

Martin Luther

40
Q

What did Lutheranism teach

A

Salvation is reached through faith alone, not deeds.

41
Q

Name Henry VIII’s wives (in order)

A
  • Catherine of Aragon
  • Anne Boleyn
  • Jane Seymour
  • Anne of Cleves
  • Katherine Howard
  • Catherine Parr
42
Q

Details about Catherine of Aragon

A

Divorced, the wife that the pope would not grant a divorce from

43
Q

Details about Anne Boleyn

A

One of CoA’s maids

  • Had a deformed child
  • Beheaded for “Adultery”
44
Q

Details about Jane Seymour

A
  • Had a son
  • Said to be Henry’s true love
  • Died due to birth complications
45
Q

Details about Anne of Cleves

A

Divorced because she was apparently ugly

46
Q

Details about Katherine howard

A

Beheaded

  • 17
  • Adultery with guard
47
Q

Catherine Parr

A

Survived

48
Q

Who were some major renaissance artists?

A

Michelangelo
Da Vinci
Raphael
Donatello

49
Q

How was the portuguese and spanish exploration funded?

A

Ferdinand and Isabela

50
Q

who was Ignatius Loyola

A

founder of Jesuits

counter to Calvin and Luther

51
Q

Difference between north and italian humanists

A

North was focused on education and religion, italy was just focused on education

52
Q

What was the Council of Trent?

A

Embodied the counter reformation

53
Q

What did Lutherans believe?

A

justification by faith

54
Q

What did Venice trade?

A

Silk, spices, sugar

55
Q

What did florence trade?

A

wool and cothing materials

56
Q

What did Milan trade?

A

Metal

57
Q

4 social groups of Florence

A

old rich
new rich
middle class
little people

58
Q

Cosimo De’ Medici

A

Wealthy Florentine Merchant

ruled Florentine from behind the scenes

59
Q

What did the Diet of Worms do?

A

Decided fate of Martin Luther

60
Q

who was boccaccio

A

Renaissance humanist

father of vernacular

AP European History- Wadley (4 decks)

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