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PSY 310 > UNIT 1 TEST > Flashcards

UNIT 1 TEST Flashcards

1
Q

What is the last part of the brain to develop?

A

The frontal lobe

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2
Q

What is it called when a synaptic product reflects a rich learning?

A

Experience dependent

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3
Q

If you use observations, surveys, and interviews, what kind of experiment are you conducting?

A

Descriptive/observation

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4
Q

Educational Psychology is concerned with what?

A

Using information on development to imrpove learning and instruction.

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5
Q

If I saw a raccoon for the first time and called it a cat, what is this an example of?

A

Assimilation

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6
Q

If John had a large ball of clay and divided it into 10 small pieces, and he recognized both as the same amount. What concept does John understand?

A

Conservation

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7
Q

If I had to walk across the cafeteria and thought everyone’s eyes were on me, what issue am I struggling with?

A

Egocentrisism

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8
Q

Which psychologist thought knowledge is co-constructed in social interaction?

A

Vgotsky

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9
Q

Does Vgotsky believe self-talk is healthy?

A

Yes

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10
Q

What would be the purpose in eliminating recess from schools?

A

To try to fit in more academic time

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11
Q

What are some possible signs of anorexia in teens?

A

Avoiding lunch, stringy hair, physically thin, exercising too much.

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12
Q

A student’s father passes away. What culture system has been affected?

A

Microsystem

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13
Q

What are some signs of a child who has been raised under permissive parenting?

A

Student fails to follow class rules and is disruptive.

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14
Q

What are some signs of a withdrawn child?

A

One that is quiet and keeps their head down.

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15
Q

What types of students can be labelled as “gen ed” students?

A

ALL STUDENTS

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16
Q

If you hear about a child talking about inappropriate touching, what do you do?

A

Report it

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17
Q

If I followed my parent’s footsteps without any explanation, what is this an example of?

A

Identity Achievement

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18
Q

Self esteem is associated with…..

A

Self-worth

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19
Q

A child that recognizes that they were bumped in the hallway because of so many people, this is an example of?

A

The theory of mind

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20
Q

What law/legislation allows everyone the opportunity for free and equal education?

A

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

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21
Q

What skills are associated with fluid intelligence?

A

Mental efficiency- comprehension, problem solving, and learning.

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22
Q

Who is involved with the IEP team?

A

Parents, gen ed teacher, school psy, special ed teacher.

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23
Q

What are some ways to help a child with challenging behavior issues?

A

Use a written behavior contract, implement positive behavior supports.

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24
Q

If I have no problem talking to friends, but experience some struggles academically, what is this problem an example of

A

Contextuallized learning skills.

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25
Q

Would Piaget be for self-talk?

A

NO

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26
Q

If I introduce changes to a situation and record the results, what kind of study am I implementing?

A

An experimental study.

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27
Q

If I am aiming to collect data over long periods of time, which study would I be completing?

A

Longitudinal Study

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28
Q

What does a correlation study try to show?

A

How closely two variables are related?

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29
Q

What is the correlation coefficient?

A

The specific measure number that linearly shows the strength of two variables.

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30
Q

What is academic language development?

A

Providing instruction to remediate or extend language skills that support higher level learning.

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31
Q

How can you implement academic language development

A

Focus on literacy, vocab, link culture to learning.

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32
Q

When/what are the critical/sensitive periods of development?

A

The senstive periods of development occur in order, language, sensory skills, movement, and social skills. This time is from birth till about age 6.

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33
Q

What is adolescent brain development?

A

The time in life when there is an imbalance between the limbic and reward systems, the frontal lobe is not yet developed.

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34
Q

What is Vgotsky’s stance on development?

A

Development is guided by their social interactions.

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35
Q

What is Piaget’s stance on development?

A

Children develop in stages by time. It cannot be rushed.

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36
Q

What is inclusion?

A

Making sure everyone feels welcome within the classroom. They are able to still participate and learn.

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37
Q

What is the idea behind the “least restrictive

A

Students who get special education should be in regular classroom with other students as much as possible.

38
Q

What is all involved with an iep?

A

Level of performance, goals, individualized instruction, related services, accomodations.

39
Q

What does a 504 plan do

A

Helps students with disabilites that do not qualify for special education. They are given accomodations, and expected to do the same things as other students.

40
Q

What is Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory?

A

Intelligence comes in three forms, analytical, practical, and creative.

41
Q

What is fluid intelligence?

A

The ability to process new information, learn, and solve problems. Ex: using a strategy to solve a math problem.

42
Q

What is crystallized intelligence?

A

Your stored up knowledge that is built over the years. Ex: trying to recall an exact formula to use on a math problem.

43
Q

How to reduce cheating in the classroom?

A

Put the emphasis on learning rather than getting a specific grade. Implement policies that support it.

44
Q

What is the theory of mind?

A

The understanding that other people have mental states that drive their actions, and these can be different for everyone.

45
Q

What is self-concept?

A

An individual’s belief about themself that includes their attributes about who and what they are. Ex: I am a good writer

46
Q

What is self-esteem?

A

How we value/ perceive ourselves. Ex: I feel proud that I am a good writer.

47
Q

What does Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Model infer?

A

Children’s relationships with their parents impacts their development.

48
Q

5 Levels of Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Model

A
  1. microsystem
  2. mesosystem
  3. exosystem
  4. macrosystem
  5. chronosystem
49
Q

What does the microsystem deal with?

A

immediate family, teachers, peers.

50
Q

What does the mesosystem deal with?

A

home, religious setting, school, neighborhood

51
Q

What does the exosystem deal with?

A

local industry, school board, local government, parent workplace, mass media

52
Q

What does the macrosystem deal with?

A

child culture and belief patterns, political and economic systems.

53
Q

What does the chronosystem deal with?

A

lifetime experiences , environmental events, major transitions, historical events.

54
Q

what is hostile aggression?

A

hot, impulsive behavior with intent to hurt someone.

55
Q

What is relational aggression?

A

Harm within relationships that is caused by bullying/ mainpulative behavior. ex:gossiping, threatening the silent treatment.

56
Q

What is instrumental aggression?

A

harmful behavior with the intention to obtain a goal. ex: terrorist who kills civillans to gain political exposure.

57
Q

What is vgotsky’s sociocultural theory?

A

Culture is significant in learning, language is root of culture, individuals lean and develop in the community.

58
Q

What is adolescent egocentrism?

A

Excessive self-consciousness with what others think of them.

59
Q

What are the four stages of development by Piaget?

A

1.) sensorimotor (0-2 years)
2.) Preoperational stage (2-7 years)
3.) Concrete operational stage (7-11 years)
4.) Formal operational stage (11-adulthood)

60
Q

What happens during the sensorimotor stage?

A

coordination, motor responses, curiosity.

61
Q

What occurs during the preoperational stage?

A

Strong imagination and intuition, but abstract thoughts are difficult.

62
Q

What occurs during concrete operational stage?

A

Concepts are attached to specific situations.

63
Q

What occurs during the formal operational stage?

A

More abstract and logical thinking. Concepts can be applied to other contexts.

64
Q

What is conservation?

A

The awareness that physical quantities do not change when appearance is altered.

65
Q

What is assimilation?

A

Fitting a new experience into an existing schema by relating it to things you know.

66
Q

What is object permanence?

A

The idea that objects and people still exist when you can’t see or hear him.

67
Q

What is experience dependent?

A

the brain’s ability to change in response to experience, repeated stimulus, environmental cues, and learning. ex:

68
Q

what is experienced expectant?

A

synapses are formed and maintained when a person goes through expected experiences during a critical period.

69
Q

what is synaptic production?

A

connections between neurons in the nervous system.

70
Q

what is teacher sense of self-efficacy

A

The judgement of one’s own ability to bring out student engagement and learning even when students are difficult. ex: teacher is confident

71
Q

what is language developement?

A

higher level for humans to be able to communicate needs and wants.

72
Q

how should a teacher respond to suspected child abuse?

A

contact school district child abuse team or social services.

73
Q

some appropriate strategies for students with adhd?

A

minimize distractions, keep constant routine, brain breaks

74
Q

strategies for a behavior disorder?

A

calm environment, help student rather than discipline, expectations of behavior should reflect abilities.

75
Q

how should teachers refer to students using a preferred language?

A

remind them to use right language at school, parents get involved.

76
Q

what are Kohlberg’s 3 basic stages of moral development?

A
  1. preconventional moral reasoning- thinking based on consequences
  2. conventional moral reasoning-based on desire to please others to follow rules and values
  3. postconventional moral reasoning- self-chosen moral principles.
77
Q

what are the stages of psychosocial development?

A

trust vs mistrust (0-18 mths)

autonomy vs shame/doubt (18mths- 3years)

Initiative vs guilt (3-5 years)

industry/inferiority (5-13 years)

indentity vs role confusion13-21

78
Q

What are some examples of scaffolding?

A

-providing half solved example
-giving clues

79
Q

What is scaffolding?

A

adult’s supporting child development and learning by giving them support at the right time and way.

80
Q

3 factors that influece cognitive development?

A

social trasmission-learning from others

maturation-change over time

equillibrium-apply schema to new info.

81
Q

What are the 4 parenting styles?

A

Permissive, authoritative, neglectful, and authoritarian.

82
Q

How can you apply Vgotsky’s theory to elementary level classroom (5 ways)

A

1.) Offer children problems in math that are more challenging to push their knowledge
2.) partner them up on assigments that are moderately challenging to work through it together.
3.) test students zone of pd before teaching new content
4. have students think out loud to help gage where they are at.
5.) modelling how to do an assignment for students who need the extra help.

83
Q

What is the authoritarian parenting style

A

very strict, no discussion or comprimising

84
Q

What is the authoritative parenting style?

A

parents are nurturing, and supportive, but set firm limits for their children

85
Q

What is the neglectful parenting style?

A

parents don’t respond to students needs or desires beyond the basics of food, clothing, and shelter.

86
Q

What is the permissive parenting style?

A

kids don’t have many responsibilites, they are lenient, and do not monitor child behavior

87
Q

How will kids act with authoritarian parents?

A

by shy have low self-esteem, may have trouble trusting/respecting teachers

88
Q

How will kids act with authoritative parents?

A

be independent, well-behaved, successful

89
Q

How will kids with permissive parents act?

A

may act out, behavior issues, trouble following rules.

90
Q

How will kids with neglectful parents act?

A

the may refuse to share, name call/manipulate to be seen.

PSY 310 (4 decks)

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