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PSY 310 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What are procedures?

A

A routine with prescribed steps for an activity
Ex: Going to lunch

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2
Q

What are rules?

A

Statements specifying expected and forbidden behaviors (Do’s and don’ts)

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3
Q

What are participation structures?

A

The formal and informal rules for how to take part in an activity.

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4
Q

What is a formative assessment?

A

Ungraded testing used before or during instruction to aid in planning and diagnosis.

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5
Q

What is a summative assessment?

A

Testing that occurs after instruction and assesses achievement.

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6
Q

What is authentic testing?

A

Assessing what students have learned by applying it to real-life scenarios.

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7
Q

Example of authentic testing?

A

Gathering leaves about learning the different types

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8
Q

What is extrinsic motivation?

A

Motivation by external factors such as rewards and punishments. Ex: grades, certificates

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9
Q

What is intrinsic motivation?

A

Motivation associated with activities that are an individual’s own reward. Ex: proud feeling

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10
Q

What is validity?

A

Does the test assess what it is supposed to

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11
Q

What is reliable?

A

It is consistent, free from error

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12
Q

What is motivation?

A

An internal state that arouses, directs, and maintains behavior.

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13
Q

What is learned helplessness?

A

All efforts lead to failure. Places failure on external errors.

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14
Q

What are performance goals?

A

Goals based on grades

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15
Q

What are learning goals?

A

Goals based on content mastery

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16
Q

What are purposes of assessment?

A

To see if students are learning/meeting standards, make educational decisions

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17
Q

What is a characteristic of expert teachers?

A

They are more concerned about students instead of their own self

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18
Q

What are the levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy

A

Remember, Understand, Apply, Analyze, Evaluate, and Create

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19
Q

How long should teacher wait time be?

A

Five seconds

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20
Q

How to deal with a hostile student

A

Deal with calmly and privately

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21
Q

Why is Maslow’s Hierachy of needs so important?

A

Students cannot learn unless basic needs are met.

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22
Q

What part of the brain is the last to develop?

A

The frontal lobe (deals with planning/organizing)

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23
Q

What is standard deviation?

A

The average each score is from the average.

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24
Q

What is mean?

A

The average

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25
Q

What is the median?

A

The middle number

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26
Q

What is the mode?

A

The most common occurring score

27
Q

Can development be rushed?

A

No, it is a gradual occurring process

28
Q

How long does it take for academic language attainment to be reached

A

7 to 10 years

29
Q

What is descriptive research?

A

Anything that describes
Ex: observations, recordings, surveys, interviews

30
Q

What is is experimental research?

A

Something caused something.

31
Q

What is bandura’s theory?

A

Observation and modeling play in a big role in how people act and learn. Four components: attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation.

32
Q

What is withitness?

A

Awareness of everything happening in the classroom

33
Q

What is overlapping?

A

Supervising several activities at once

34
Q

What is the main idea of the zone of proximal development?

A

Making learning challenging, but not too hard

35
Q

What are Piaget’s basic blocks of thinking and memory?

A

Schemas

36
Q

What are norm-referenced assessments?

A

Assessments in which scores are compared with the average performance of others.

37
Q

What are criterion referenced assessments?

A

Assessments in which scores are compared to a set standard.

38
Q

What is empathetic listening ?

A

Hearing the intent and emotions behind what another says and reflecting them back by paraphrasing.

39
Q

What are Kounin’s four prevention skills?

A

Withitness, overlapping, group focus, and movement management

40
Q

What is group focus?

A

Keeping students involved as much as possible during activities.

41
Q

What is movement management?

A

Keeping lessons and the group moving at an appropriate and flexible pace with smooth transitions and variety.

42
Q

Example of withitness

A

Teacher knows the different tasks different groups are completing

43
Q

Example of overlapping

A

Giving students individual feedback while also trying to praise students working on other assignments

44
Q

Order of Bloom’s

A

Remember
Understand
Apply
Analyze
Evaluate
Create

45
Q

What is the remembering level?

A

memorizing and recalling information

46
Q

What is the understanding level?

A

being able to know the meaning behind something and having the ability to explain it

47
Q

What is the apply level?

A

Using the learned knowledge and putting it in new situations

48
Q

What is the analyze level?

A

Forming connections and relationships between knowledge

49
Q

What is the evaluate level?

A

Making judgements and being able to defend them

50
Q

What is the create level?

A

Producing something new from knowledge

51
Q

What is self-determination

A

A person’s ability to make choices and manage their own life.

52
Q

What is humanistic motivation?

A

Motivation that deals with personal freedom, choice, self-determination, and striving for personal growth. Ex: students learning through free will and desire of knowledge

53
Q

What is attribution theories?

A

descriptions of how individuals explanations, justifications, and excuses influence their motivation and behavior.

54
Q

What is academic learning?

A

Time when students are actually succeeding at the learning task that will be tested.

55
Q

What is expectancy X value theories?

A

Explanations of motivation that emphasize individuals’ expectations for success combined with their valuing of the goal. Ex: how much learner values and what they expect to achieve.

56
Q

What is engaged time?

A

Time spent actively in learning the task at hand. Ex: Time on task

57
Q

How should essays be graded?

A

With clear and concise rubrics?

58
Q

When should you use an essay prompt?

A

To see if students fully meet the depth of a learning target

59
Q

What is a language disorder?

A

a child’s form, function, or use of language. Ex: expressive/respective

60
Q

What is language difference

A

Having the ability to speak another language that is different from the
language used for instruction or used by the majority of people. Ex: Dialect

61
Q

How does attribution theory for school achievement relate to ability?

A

Think they did well because of ability or failed because they didn’t have the ability (stability either you have it don’t)

62
Q

How does attribution for school achievement relate to effort

A

Effort can change at any point, but when effort is demonstrated success is more likely. (controllability by student)

63
Q

How does attribution theory with school achievement relate to task-difficulty

A

More difficult tasks makes success harder because students are afraid to fail (locus)

64
Q

How does attribution theory relate to luck

A

If they feel lucky and like they did well sucess if more likely (locus external)

PSY 310 (4 decks)

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