Unit 1 - Structure and function of the heart Flashcards
What is the right hand side and left hand side of the heart responsible for?
Right - responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Left - pumps oxygenated blood around the body
What structures are present in the left side of the heart?
Left Atrium , Left Ventricle , Pulmonary Vein , Aorta
What structures are present in the right side of the heart?
Right Atruim , Right Ventricle , Pulmonary Artery , Vena Cava
Left ventricle and right ventricle pump same volume of blood through ____ and ____ ?
Aorta and pulmonary artery
What is cardiac output?
The volume of blood pumped out of each ventricle per minute
Formula for cardiac output?
CO = HRXSV
What is the name for contraction?
Atrial systole = blood is pushed into ventricles Ventricular systole = ventricles contract and push blood out through aorta and pulmonary artery
*Increases BP
What is the name for relaxation?
Atrial/ventricular Diastole (chamber is filled with blood)
*Decreases BP
What is the cause of the sound the heart makes?
AV and SL valves opening and closing
Function of Sino-atrial Node (Pacemaker/SAN)
Location?
Sets rate of cardiac contraction by autorhythmic cells
Located in wall of the right atrium
How does the Pacemaker (SAN) work?
Spreads electrical impulses across atria to AVN (Atrio-ventricular node) causing atrial systole
Atrio-ventricular node function and location?
Sends impulse down conducting fibres between ventricles and up across ventricles causing ventricular systole
How can electrical impulses be detected?
By an electrocardiogram (PQRST wave)
Function of the medulla?
Regulates rate of SAN through antagonistic action of the autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic accelerator nerves?
Release nor-adrenaline to increase HR
