Unit 1: Speedy Review

Question 1

What is the Human Predicament Cycle?

Answer 1

Tyranny>Revolution>Anarchy>Competing Groups

Question 2

What is the Good Society?

Answer 2

a reflection on what constitutes a “good” society within the American context

Question 3

What are Collective Action Problems?

Answer 3

a situation where a group of individuals would benefit from cooperating to achieve a common goal, but each person has an incentive to not contribute fully, leading to a suboptimal outcome for the group as a whole, often due to the potential to “free-ride” on the efforts of others

Question 4

What are the 5 principles of the rule of law?

Answer 4

Generality - law applies to all
Due Process - Law is fulfilled fairly
Prospectivity - Law must apply to future
Publicity - Law must be known by the governed
Consent - Governed have given consent of the law

Question 5

Describe Markets V. Mercantilism.

Answer 5

Mercantilism is where the gov has a heavy influence on the import and trade of goods. Markets are free to the people to have open-competition.

Question 6

Describe Law of Supply.

Answer 6

As the price of a particular good or service rises, suppliers will produce more of that good or service. (think homes in Utah!)

Question 7

Describe Law of Demand.

Answer 7

As the price of a particular good or service rises, individuals will buy less of that good or service. (Think of the growing number of young adults who live at home or are renting rather than buying a home).

Question 8

What is the role of profits?

Answer 8

Where there is profits, more business will follow (ex. pest control)

Question 9

What is equilibrium price?

Answer 9

The price at which the amount demanded is equal to the amount supplied.

Question 10

What is the law of comparative advantage?

Answer 10

Each Individual group or country will specialize in producing goods or services that can be produced at lowest opportunity costs.

Question 11

Define liberalism.

Answer 11

values individual rights over the common good

Question 12

Define republicanism.

Answer 12

values moral character, working together for the good of society

Question 13

Define Utilitarianism.

Answer 13

That we should do whatever benefits or makes happy the most amount of people or creates the greatest happiness.

Question 14

Define Puritanism.

Answer 14

behavior or beliefs that are based on strict moral or religious principles

Question 15

Define Libertarianism.

Answer 15

Favor a limited government and favor free markets, individual rights (such as property) being protected

Question 16

What does John Locke believe about rights?

Answer 16

John Locke believed that all people possess natural, inalienable rights to “life, liberty, and property,” meaning these rights are inherent to human beings and cannot be taken away, and that the primary purpose of government is to protect these fundamental rights through a social contract with the people; if a government fails to do so, citizens have the right to revolt and establish a new one.

Question 17

What were some flaws of the Declaration of Independence?

Answer 17

Blatant contradiction between the stated ideal of “all men are created equal” and the reality of slavery and lack of regard for women’s rights.
Lack of concrete action plan for establishing a new government.

Question 18

Why did Shay’s Rebellion happen?

Answer 18

Shays’ Rebellion occurred primarily due to a severe economic crisis faced by farmers in western Massachusetts after the Revolutionary War, where high taxes, debt from unpaid war debts, and a lack of currency led to many losing their land to foreclosure, prompting them to rebel against the state government’s efforts to collect taxes and debts, with many of the protestors being Revolutionary War veterans like Daniel Shays who felt abandoned by the government.