Quiz 3 Flashcards
What is the particular employment that Cotton Mather references in his A Christian At His Calling?
A.
The calling that all Christians have to be industrious and improve the society in which he/she lives.
B.
The calling that all Christians have to reject the anti-Christ and forcefully repress those who operate under “Satan’s delusions”.
C.
The calling that all Christians have to serve the Lord Jesus Christ.
D.
The calling that all Christians have to colonize and Christianize the New World.
E.
The calling that all Christians have to preach the Gospel and bring souls unto Christ.
The calling that all Christians have to be industrious and improve the society in which he/she lives.
Sergei Magnitsky was a Russian tax advisor who accused Russian officials of large-scale theft from the state. Following his accusation, Magnitsky was arrested and held in prison for 358 days without a trial. He eventually died in Moscow’s Butyrka prison due to medical complications for which he was denied proper care. Citizens being denied a speedy trial and humane treatment is an obvious violation of which Rule of Law principle?
A.
Generality
B.
Prospectivity
C.
Publicity
D.
Consent
E.
Due Process
E. Due Process
In Chapter 2 of Justice, Sandel introduces Jeremy Bentham’s philosophy of utilitarianism which argues that the “right thing to do is whatever will…maximize the overall balance of pleasure over pain…of the community” (pg. 34). One objection to utilitarianism is that it does not respect individual rights. Which of the following best represents John Stewart Mills’ defense of how utilitarianism might provide respect for individual rights?
A.
Mill argues that utilitarianism will likely violate some individual rights, but that is acceptable because ultimately, what matters is the greatest good for the greatest number, not the fate of individuals.
B.
Mill argues that individuals will always choose higher pleasures over lower pleasures because of their innate sense of human dignity.
C.
Mill argues that respecting individual rights will make society better off by maximizing happiness in the long run.
D.
Mill argues that promoting a community of conformity ultimately produces the most respect for individual rights.
E.
None of the above. John Stuart Mill thought utilitarianism did not respect individual rights because it benefits society at the cost of individual well-being.
C.
Mill argues that respecting individual rights will make society better off by maximizing happiness in the long run.
Ex post facto laws are most clearly a violation of which aspect of the Rule of Law?
A.
Prospectivity
B.
Due Process
C.
Consent
D.
Publicity
E.
Generality
A.
Prospectivity
Towards the end of 2020, a vaccine for the Coronavirus was approved for distribution in the United States. Because there is a limited supply of the vaccine, the CDC recommended that “Healthcare personnel and residents of long-term care facilities should be offered the first doses of COVID-19 vaccines.” What would Brennan and Jaworski recommend as the best way to distribute the vaccine while there is a limited supply?
A.
Brennan and Jaworski would promote using a market system because it encourages efficiency and innovation of other companies to enter the market and produce more of the vaccine.
B.
Brennan and Jaworski would support the use of queues to distribute the vaccine because it is the most egalitarian.
C.
Brennan and Jaworski would recommend the use of price control in order to ensure that the vaccine is available to everyone.
D.
Brennan and Jaworski would advocate using a government rationing system in order to preserve the scarce good.
E.
None of the above. Brennan and Jaworski believe that the shortage cannot be controlled.
A.
Brennan and Jaworski would promote using a market system because it encourages efficiency and innovation of other companies to enter the market and produce more of the vaccine.
