Unit 1 : SAC 3

Question 1

Legal performance enhancements

Answer 1

Training
Altitude training
Epoxy training

Question 2

Illegal performance enhancers

Answer 2

EPO
Beta Blockers
Blood doping

Question 3

Altitude training

Answer 3

Altitude training is training at an altitude of over 2000m to improve red blood cell production. It increases ventilation, heart rate, decreased stroke volume and reduced plasma volume. The lack of oxygen causes the body to produce more red blood cells to compensate. Can cause altitude sickness and causes fatigue and headaches

Question 4

Hypoxic training

Answer 4

Mimics altitude training in which they live in an environment that has reduced oxygen to allow the body to adapt to low oxygen levels. It increases red blood cell production and allows for better performance

Question 5

EPO

Answer 5

A drug that increases the production of red blood cells, it occurs naturally in the body but it taking it can produce high levels of red blood cells.

Question 6

Blood doping

Answer 6

Blood doping is the process of removing an amount of blood allowing the body to reproduce the red blood cells then injecting the other red blood cells extracted previously back in to allow for maximum red blood cells. It can occur through blood transfusions, EPO and synthetic oxygen carriers. It increases the thickness of the blood and therefore creates high blood pressure. It can increase the risk of CVD and blood clots.

Question 7

Beta-blockers

Answer 7

Are drugs that decrease blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline. This allows the blood vessels to dilate to improve blood flow and therefore improve performance. It also reduces the tremor nerves can provide and therefore used in sports like golf or archery. Can cause hypertension, cardiac failure

Question 8

2 enhancements for cardiorespiratory performance

Answer 8

Metabolic promoters

Fuel additives

Question 9

WADA rationale

Answer 9

A drug is banned if it meets 2 of these criteria;

• Has the potential to enhance performance
• Has the potential to risk and athletes health
• Violates the spirit of the sport

Question 10

Purpose of WADA code

Answer 10

Protect athletes fundamental right to participate in a dope-free sport and promote health, fairness and equality
Ensure harmonised and effective doping-free programs

Question 11

Types of aerobic training

Answer 11

Fartlek
Long interval training
Continuous

Question 12

Why should we allow performance enhancing drugs?

Answer 12

• It enhances natural performance
• Some people won the genetic lottery
• hypoxic and altitude training does increase red blood cells but EPO is illegal
• richer countries can afford
• the drugs should be monitored to keep them safe
• people will continue to use them anyway

Question 13

What is the spirit of the sport?

Answer 13

ethics, fair play and honesty
health
excellence in performance
character and education
fun and joy
teamwork
dedication and commitment
respect for rules and laws
respect for self and other participants
courage
community and solidarity

Question 14

Why shouldnt we use performance enhancing drugs?

Answer 14

• it gives an advantage that technology could ever bring
• its not a choice if one person takes they all have to take it
• violates the spirit of the sport
• can cause harm to the body