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CPS ADV. - McQuaid > Unit 1 Review > Flashcards

Unit 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is science?

A

A method for studying the natural world

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2
Q

Thompson and Rutherford both created models of what?

A

atoms

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3
Q

The present-day model of an atom is a result of what?

A

many investigations and collaborations of many scientists

the present day electron cloud model
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4
Q

How do scientists learn new information about the natural world?

A

by performing investigations

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5
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

scientific method

A

an organized set of investigation procedures

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6
Q

Fill in the chart pertaining to the scientific method:

A
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7
Q

Answer the question with the best available option:

What is a hypothesis?

A. A possible explanation for a problem using what you know and what you observe
B. A test monitoring the effect of one thing on another using controlled conditions
C. A quantity that can have more than a single value
D. None of the above

A

A. A possible explanation for a problem using what you know and what you observe

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8
Q

Fill in the blanks:

Some ____________ can be tested by making ______________. Others can be tested by building a _______ and relating it to ___________ situations.

A

hypotheses, observations, model, real-life

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9
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

An experiment tests the effect of one thing on another using uncontrolled conditions.

A

False. An experiment tests the effect of one thing on another using controlled conditions.

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10
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

variable

A

a quantity that can have more than a single value

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11
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

Dependent variable

A

the changes according to the change of the independent variable

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12
Q

In this experiment, what is the dependent variable?

A

the amount of growth / height after two weeks

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13
Q

Fill in the blanks:

The variable you ________ to see how it will ________ the dependent variable is called the independent variable.

A

change, affect

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14
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

a factor that does not change when other variables change

A

constant

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15
Q

What is the independent variable in the experiment below:

A scientist is creating an experiment to see the affect red light has on plant growth.

A

The color of light (red in this case)

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16
Q

What are some possible constants in the experiment below:

A scientist is creating an experiment to see the effect watering plants has on their growth.

A
  • Type of plant
  • Amount of water being given
  • Soil type
  • Size of the pots
  • Temperature
  • Sunlight exposure
  • Humidity levels
17
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

control

A

the standard by which the test results can be compared

Ex.) If an experiment was trying to see if phosphorous made plants grow more, they would have a control plant that would not be given any phosphorous to compare the results to

18
Q

Fill in the blank:

A bias occurs when what the ___________ expects changes how the _________ are viewed.

A

scientist, results

19
Q

What is this an example of?

A scientist selects a result from one trial over those from other trials

A

bias

20
Q

How can scientists lessen bias?

A

By running as many trials as possible and keeping accurate notes of each observation made

21
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

model

A

a representation of an idea, event, or object to help people better understand it

22
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

Models are often used to represent things that are very small or very large.

A

True

23
Q

What are the three types of models, and what do they do?

A
  1. Physical Models - look like the thing they represent
  2. Mathematical Models - made up of mathematical equations and data
  3. Conceptual Models - systems of ideas or are based on making comparisons with familiar things to explain an idea

In a simpler term, a conceptual model helps to visualize and explain how something works without going into all the details.

24
Q

Using the word bank, categorize the following:

Word bank:
Physical Model
Mathematical Model
Conceptual Model

A

physical model

25
Q

Using the word bank, categorize the following:

Word bank:
Physical Model
Mathematical Model
Conceptual Model

A

conceptual model

26
Q

Using the word bank, categorize the following:

Word bank:
Physical Model
Mathematical Model
Conceptual Model

A

mathematical model

27
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

theory

A

an explanation of things or events based on knowledge gained from many observations and investigations

28
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

A theory is just a guess.

A

False. A theory is an explanation based on knowledge.

29
Q

Answer the statement with the best available option:

Just because a … has data supporting it does not mean it will never change.

A. scientific law
B. scientific hypothesis
C. scientific theory
D. scientific guess

A

C. scientific theory

30
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

a statement about what happens in nature that seems to be true all the time

A

scientific law

31
Q

Fill in the blanks:

Laws tell you ______ will happen, but they don’t explain _____ or _____ something happens.

A

what, why, how

32
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

Gravity is an example of a scientific law.

A

True

33
Q

While a theory can be used to explain a law, what can’t they do?

A

become a law

34
Q

In two sentences, explain the difference between a scientific law and a scientific theory.

A

A scientific law describes a consistent, observable phenomenon in nature, while a scientific theory explains why or how that phenomenon occurs based on evidence. A theory might be subject to change, while a scientific law remains constant.

35
Q

Chemistry is the study of what?

A

matter

36
Q

What two MAIN branches of science make up physical science?

A
  1. Chemistry
  2. Physics

CPS ADV. - McQuaid (4 decks)

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