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unit 1 quiz Flashcards

1
Q

kinesiology

A

american kinesiology association defines kines as the academic discipline which involves the study of physical activity and its impact on health, society, and quality of life

scientifically study of human movement

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2
Q

areas of kines

A

physiological- how the body works; func
mechanical- heart failure occurs because there has been a mechanical change to the heart
psychological

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3
Q

what is sports medicine?

A

any professional associated with the medical and therapeutic aspect of sports participation and physical activity

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4
Q

physical fitness

A

ability of the body to adjust to demands and stresses of physical effort and is thought to be a measure of health

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5
Q

physical activity

A

any movement carried out by skeletal muscles requiring energy

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6
Q

branches of physical fitness

A

muscular strength
muscular endurance
cardiorespiratory endurance- heart and lungs work together
flexibility- neurological can be component of flexibility
body composition
psychomotor ability- athleticism; takes practice

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7
Q

components of fitness

A

strength
power
endurance

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8
Q

strength

A

ability of a muscle to do work

exerts a force against a resistance
muscles contract to move the skeletal system

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9
Q

concentric contraction

A

muscle shortens

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10
Q

eccentric contraction

A

lengthening contraction

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11
Q

isometric contraction

A

muscle stays same length, but force is still created

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12
Q

power

A

ability to generate force quickly

speed or time is needed

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13
Q

endurance

A

ability to sustain force over time

someone with really good endurance can keep running

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14
Q

cardiorespiratory fitness

A

requires oxygen to get to muscles

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15
Q

what can aerobic function be measured by?

A

VO2max

maximal rate of aerobic metabolism
dependent on muscular endurance but relies on the ability to deliver O2 to muscles

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16
Q

energy sources for muscle contraction

A

ATP
oxygen
glucose
fat-protein

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17
Q

metabolic syndrome conditions

A

obesity
hyperinsulinemia
elevated triglycerides
hypertension
type 2 diabetes

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18
Q

health assessment includes

A

body comp
fitness assessment
wellness assessment
risk

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19
Q

what is a good first starting point in helping people when it comes to body composition?

A

taking height and weight

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20
Q

fitness assessment example

A

get up and go activity

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21
Q

wellness assessment factors

A

psychosocial
wellbeing
ability to cope with stressors

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22
Q

what is the most important consideration in evaluating body weight and comp?

A

proportion of total body weight above recommended range for good health

23
Q

obesity

A

severe overweight and overeat

characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat

24
Q

female health triad

A

abnormal eating patterns and excessive exercising —> amenorrhea —> premature osteoporosis

25
why do a health assessment?
helps to determine risk of disease
26
relative risk (RR) equation
(event when exposed)/(event when not exposed) (A/(A+B))/(C/(C+D)) ex: hi BP/no high BP; vaccine/before vaccine
27
do genetics affect risk?
yes
28
what do questionnaires do when it comes to risk?
they help to determine risk student-athlete health history - pre participation questionnaire (PPE) EASIL lab health history
29
biometrics
height, weight, BMI blood pressure (looking for diastolic less than 90) cholesterol triglycerides
30
BMI
weight/height^2 provides information on disease risk 67 inch x 2.54 = 170.18 cm = 1.7018 m 1.7018^2 = 2.8961 m^2 150 lbs/2.2 = 68.1818 kg 68.1818 kg/2.8961 m^2 = 23.5426
31
activity scales
tegner godin leisure questionnaire (weekly physical activity) aim to estimate physical activity
32
what are the different ways to look at human body composition?
medical (health) anthropological performance appearance
33
anthropological
looking at peoples, cultures, where they are from/have lived
34
performance for body comp example
an offensive lineman will need to get bigger in order to perform his job
35
why is knowledge of body composition so important?
health and disease performance appearance longevity
36
body composition
the body’s relative amounts of fat and fat-free mass (bone, water, muscle, connective and organ tissues, teeth)
37
essential fat
crucial for normal body functioning essential for: protection of bones muscles, performance, reproduction in women
38
percent essential fat in males and females
males: 3-5% females 8-12%
39
nonessential fat
adipose tissue considered subcutaneous because it is under the skin
40
fat-free body mass (FFM)
given: body mass, body fat % fat mass = body mass x body fat % FFM = body mass - fat mass
41
scale weight
provides information on amount body mass low cost high availability accurate ?
42
height and weight charts
provides information based on person's height, weight, frame size
43
circumferences
specific areas on body are measured with measuring tape
44
waist to hip ratio
two circumferences: waist and hip abdominal fat related to cardiovascular disease risk measures provide cardiovascular disease risk information
45
waist to hip ratio high risk in men and women
men: 0.90-1.0 women: 0.75-0.85
46
near infrared interactance
method based on light absorption, reflectance probe placed on body part, emits infrared light fat absorbs more infrared light than fat-free mass; more light absorbed, higher fat mass
47
skinfolds
"calipers" used to assess amount of fat under skin at specific sites of body predictions made about total body fat
48
bioelectrical impedance analysis
small, painless electrical current passes through body; based on current difference between starting and ending points, percent fat estimated high impedance, high fat mass
49
hydrostatic weighing
person weighed in regular environment and under water based on difference, can estimate body volume; calculate body density from volume; from density, calculate fat percentage higher density, leaner subject
50
air displacement
device measures air displacement to determine body volume; body density from volume; fat percentage from body density
51
dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
low-radiation dose of dual-energy X-ray beams pass over body most accurate based on attenuation of X-ray, measures fat, bone, and soft lean tissue can be calculated
52
ACSM guideline for physical activity
30 mins of moderate-intensity aerobic activity 5 days per week; 3-6 METs 20 mins of vigorous activity 3 days per week; >6 METs
53
overweight and obese BMI
overweight: 25-29.9 obese: 30+
54

KINE 2000 (5 decks)

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