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KINE 2000 > unit 1 quiz > Flashcards

unit 1 quiz Flashcards

1
Q

kinesiology

A

american kinesiology association defines kines as the academic discipline which involves the study of physical activity and its impact on health, society, and quality of life

scientifically study of human movement

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2
Q

areas of kines

A

physiological- how the body works; func
mechanical- heart failure occurs because there has been a mechanical change to the heart
psychological

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3
Q

what is sports medicine?

A

any professional associated with the medical and therapeutic aspect of sports participation and physical activity

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4
Q

physical fitness

A

ability of the body to adjust to demands and stresses of physical effort and is thought to be a measure of health

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5
Q

physical activity

A

any movement carried out by skeletal muscles requiring energy

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6
Q

branches of physical fitness

A

muscular strength
muscular endurance
cardiorespiratory endurance- heart and lungs work together
flexibility- neurological can be component of flexibility
body composition
psychomotor ability- athleticism; takes practice

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7
Q

components of fitness

A

strength
power
endurance

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8
Q

strength

A

ability of a muscle to do work

exerts a force against a resistance
muscles contract to move the skeletal system

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9
Q

concentric contraction

A

muscle shortens

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10
Q

eccentric contraction

A

lengthening contraction

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11
Q

isometric contraction

A

muscle stays same length, but force is still created

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12
Q

power

A

ability to generate force quickly

speed or time is needed

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13
Q

endurance

A

ability to sustain force over time

someone with really good endurance can keep running

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14
Q

cardiorespiratory fitness

A

requires oxygen to get to muscles

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15
Q

what can aerobic function be measured by?

A

VO2max

maximal rate of aerobic metabolism
dependent on muscular endurance but relies on the ability to deliver O2 to muscles

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16
Q

energy sources for muscle contraction

A

ATP
oxygen
glucose
fat-protein

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17
Q

metabolic syndrome conditions

A

obesity
hyperinsulinemia
elevated triglycerides
hypertension
type 2 diabetes

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18
Q

health assessment includes

A

body comp
fitness assessment
wellness assessment
risk

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19
Q

what is a good first starting point in helping people when it comes to body composition?

A

taking height and weight

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20
Q

fitness assessment example

A

get up and go activity

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21
Q

wellness assessment factors

A

psychosocial
wellbeing
ability to cope with stressors

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22
Q

what is the most important consideration in evaluating body weight and comp?

A

proportion of total body weight above recommended range for good health

23
Q

obesity

A

severe overweight and overeat

characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat

24
Q

female health triad

A

abnormal eating patterns and excessive exercising —> amenorrhea —> premature osteoporosis

25
Q

why do a health assessment?

A

helps to determine risk of disease

26
Q

relative risk (RR) equation

A

(event when exposed)/(event when not exposed)
(A/(A+B))/(C/(C+D))

ex: hi BP/no high BP; vaccine/before vaccine

27
Q

do genetics affect risk?

A

yes

28
Q

what do questionnaires do when it comes to risk?

A

they help to determine risk

student-athlete health history - pre participation questionnaire (PPE)
EASIL lab health history

29
Q

biometrics

A

height, weight, BMI
blood pressure (looking for diastolic less than 90)
cholesterol
triglycerides

30
Q

BMI

A

weight/height^2
provides information on disease risk

67 inch x 2.54 = 170.18 cm = 1.7018 m
1.7018^2 = 2.8961 m^2
150 lbs/2.2 = 68.1818 kg
68.1818 kg/2.8961 m^2 = 23.5426

31
Q

activity scales

A

tegner
godin leisure questionnaire (weekly physical activity)

aim to estimate physical activity

32
Q

what are the different ways to look at human body composition?

A

medical (health)
anthropological
performance
appearance

33
Q

anthropological

A

looking at peoples, cultures, where they are from/have lived

34
Q

performance for body comp example

A

an offensive lineman will need to get bigger in order to perform his job

35
Q

why is knowledge of body composition so important?

A

health and disease
performance
appearance
longevity

36
Q

body composition

A

the body’s relative amounts of fat and fat-free mass (bone, water, muscle, connective and organ tissues, teeth)

37
Q

essential fat

A

crucial for normal body functioning

essential for: protection of bones muscles, performance, reproduction in women

38
Q

percent essential fat in males and females

A

males: 3-5%
females 8-12%

39
Q

nonessential fat

A

adipose tissue

considered subcutaneous because it is under the skin

40
Q

fat-free body mass (FFM)

A

given: body mass, body fat %
fat mass = body mass x body fat %
FFM = body mass - fat mass

41
Q

scale weight

A

provides information on amount body mass

low cost
high availability
accurate ?

42
Q

height and weight charts

A

provides information based on person’s height, weight, frame size

43
Q

circumferences

A

specific areas on body are measured with measuring tape

44
Q

waist to hip ratio

A

two circumferences: waist and hip

abdominal fat related to cardiovascular disease risk

measures provide cardiovascular disease risk information

45
Q

waist to hip ratio high risk in men and women

A

men: 0.90-1.0
women: 0.75-0.85

46
Q

near infrared interactance

A

method based on light absorption, reflectance

probe placed on body part, emits infrared light

fat absorbs more infrared light than fat-free mass; more light absorbed, higher fat mass

47
Q

skinfolds

A

“calipers” used to assess amount of fat under skin at specific sites of body

predictions made about total body fat

48
Q

bioelectrical impedance analysis

A

small, painless electrical current passes through body; based on current difference between starting and ending points, percent fat estimated

high impedance, high fat mass

49
Q

hydrostatic weighing

A

person weighed in regular environment and under water

based on difference, can estimate body volume; calculate body density from volume; from density, calculate fat percentage

higher density, leaner subject

50
Q

air displacement

A

device measures air displacement to determine body volume; body density from volume; fat percentage from body density

51
Q

dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

A

low-radiation dose of dual-energy X-ray beams pass over body

most accurate

based on attenuation of X-ray, measures fat, bone, and soft lean tissue can be calculated

52
Q

ACSM guideline for physical activity

A

30 mins of moderate-intensity aerobic activity 5 days per week; 3-6 METs

20 mins of vigorous activity 3 days per week; >6 METs

53
Q

overweight and obese BMI

A

overweight: 25-29.9
obese: 30+

54
Q
A

KINE 2000 (5 decks)

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