Unit 1: Period 1 Vocab Flashcards
Maize
Corn (duh)
Mixed economy
An economy combining private and public enterprise
Hunter-Gatherer (Forager)
(If u don’t know this already I swear)
An economic system relying on nature as a primary food source (hunting & picking berries)
Caste system
A rigid system of social stratification based on heredity
Encomienda system
A practice in Spanish colonies that granted land and the labor of Native Americans on that land to European Colonists
Joint-Stock Company
A company that is treated like a partnership, sharing its value with investors through stocks
Bartolome de Las Casas
Spanish historian, social reformer, and Dominican friar
Sympathized with Indians (Caribbean natives)
Renounced encomienda
Juan de Sepulveda
Spanish Renaissance humanist, philosopher, theologian, debated with Las Casas about the humanity of the Indigenous (defended slavery)
Spanish Mission System
Converting Indians to Christianity, Mexico, Florida, etc
Maroon Communities
Runaway slaves (called Maroons) formed thriving, independent communities
Asiento System
Permission given by the Spanish govt to other countries to sell slaves to the Spanish colonies and pay a tax on each slave imported, replacing native labor 1543-1834
Hernan Cortes
Conquistador. Conquered Mayan empire
Francisco Pizarro
Conquistador. Conquered Incan empire
Protestant Reformation
Schism from RCC (ex Martin Luther) 1500s
Treaty of Tordesillas
Issued by Pope Alexander VI, it divided the ‘non-Christian world’ between Spain and Portugal (New World = Spain, Africa & India = Portugal)
Slave Trade
The forced immigration of West Africans for economic purposes (free labor)
Iroquois Confederation
Representative democracy run by a grand council with representatives from each tribe (NW Native American confederacy)
John Cabot
Italian explorer, failed attempt to reach China, found northern part of North America 1497 which led to colonization
Jacques Cartier
Explorer, St. Lawrence River, claimed Canada for France
Henry Hudson
English navigator in early 17th century, Hudson River/NY, failed attempt to Northwest Passage through Dutch East India Co
Valladolid Debate
One of the first moral/theologian debates by colonizers discussing the rights and treatment of Amerindians
Epidemic
A disease outbreak exceeding the normal occurrence
Anasazi
Southwestern Indians, term made by the indigenous people
Pueblo
The apartment like housing structures of southwestern Indians
