(Unit 1) Organ Systems and their Principal Functions

Question 1

Protection,
water retention,
thermoregulation,
vitamin D synthesis,
cutaneous sensation,
nonverbal communication

Answer 1

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Question 2

support movement,
protective enclosure of viscera,
blood formation,
electrolyte and acid-base balance

Answer 2

SKELETAL SYSTEM:
bones, cartilages, ligaments

Question 3

movement, stability, communication, control of body openings, heat production

Answer 3

MUSCULAR SYSTEM:
skeletal muscles

Question 4

recovery of excess tissue fluid,
detection of pathogens,
production of immune cells,
defense against disease

Answer 4

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM:
lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, spleen, tonsils

Question 5

absorption of oxygen,
discharge of carbon dioxide,
acid-base balance,
speech

Answer 5

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:
nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Question 6

elimination of wastes,
regulation of blood volume and pressure,
stimulation of red blood cells formation,
control of fluid,
electrolyte and acid-base balance,
detoxification

Answer 6

URINARY SYSTEM:
kidneys, uterus, urinary bladder, urethra

Question 7

rapid internal communication,
coordination,
motor control and sensation

Answer 7

NERVOUS SYSTEM:
brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia

Question 8

hormone production,
internal chemical communication and coordination

Answer 8

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM:
pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries

Question 9

distribution of nutrients,
oxygen,
wastes,
hormones,
electrolytes,
heat,
immune cells,
and antibodies; fluid, electrolyte, and acid- base balance

Answer 9

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM:
heart, blood vessels

Question 10

nutrient breakdown and absorption,
liver functions include— metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals
synthesis of plasma proteins; disposal of drugs, toxins, and hormones, and cleansing of blood

Answer 10

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM:
teeth, tongue, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Question 11

production and delivery of sperm,
secretion of sex hormones

Answer 11

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM:
testes, epididymides, spermatic ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, penis

Question 12

production of eggs,
site of fertilization and fetal development,
fetal nourishment,
birth,
lactation,
secretion of sex hormones

Answer 12

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM:
ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands