Unit 1 Obj Flashcards
Define Obstetrics
- Latin term for obstetrix which means “Stand by”
- Branch of medicine that pertains to care of women during pregnancy, childbirth and post partum period (+6wks)
- Maternity nursing is the care given by the nurse to the expectant family before, during and following birth
Define Obstetrician
Physician specializing in care of women during pregnancy, labor, birth and postpartum period
Perform C-Section, treat women with known or suspected obstetrical problems, and attend normal deliveries
Define Pediatrics
Branch of medicine that deals with the childs development and care and the diseases of childhood and their treatment
Define Neonatologist
Care of infants less than 20 wks
Define Pediatrician
Physician that specializes in child development and care, diseases of childhood and their treatment
Family-Centered Care
- Recognizes strength and individuality of the family as the core for planning and implementing healthcare
- Ethnic and cultural practices incorporated during pregnancy and birth process
- Nurses Role: to enter into a partnership with the family in order to achieve goals
The Sheppard Tower Act (1921)
funds for state managed programs for maternity care
V of the SS Act (1935)
provided funds for maternity care
Fair Labor Standard Act (1938)
established a general minimum working age of 16 yrs and 18 yrs old for hazardous jobs
NIH (1962)
established support for maternity research and education
WIC (1966)
supplemental food for families in need of assistance
Family-Centered Childbearing Experience
- each family unique
- family involvement seen as constructive
- childbirth education helps involve all members
- women no longer passive
- LDRP and birthing centers in place
- home births rare
- childbearing is seen as a normal and healthy event
Factors that can affect Family-Centered Care
- Financial considerations
- Use of midwives
- role of the consumer
- Cultural Considerations
- Technology and Specialty expertise
- Genomics
Financial Considerations (that affect FCC)
Cost containment is the efficient and effective use of resources.
it includes monitoring and regulating expenditures of funds
Uses of Midwives
throughout history women have played an important role as birth attendants.
there are many accredited throughout the US and in many places are accepted practice
Role of the Consumer
the consumer has played an active role in recognizing the need for more education
(La Leche League and Lamaze classes)
Cultural Considerations
Nurses must develop cultural competence that will allow them to adopt health care practices to meet the needs of patients from various cultures.
- how does woman view preg?
- is birth a private or public experience?
- what are her expectations?
- role of the family?
Technology and Specialty espertise
Advances in technology has directly affected the mortality of premature infants
Genomics
study of the functions of all genes in the human body
this will allow for researchers to study genes and how they are responsible for genetic disorders
Health Care Delivery Systems
cost containment and insurance reimbursements are the motivating factor in current health.
this has caused nurses to be flexible in the care of the patient. this has directly impacted the care of the pregnant mother.
in order to be successful the nurse needs to have the following skills:
- Computer savvy - Be able to follow standard precautions - Strong assessment skills - Be excellent teachers much sooner
Maternal Mortality Rate
Number of Maternal deaths per 100,000 live births up to 6 wks postpartum
Infant Mortality Rate
Number of infant deaths under 1 yr of age per 1,000 live births
Causes of Maternal Mortality rates during the 1800s
Puerperal Sepsis
Hemorrhage
Toxemia
Current causes of Maternal Mortality Rate
Toxemia (HTN, preclampsia)
Ectopic Pregnancy
Hemorrhage
