Krystal's Section Flashcards
- Role of the vagina
Part of the internal genitalia:
*Thin walled collapsible tube in front of the rectum and behind the bladder.
* Smooth muscle walls are lined with glandular mucous membranes that form rugae (transverse ridges of the mucous membrane lining)
* Rugae responsible for the marked stretching during vaginal delivery
* Self-cleansing mechanism in place (good time to teach patients)
Functions:
-Provides passageway for sperm to enter the uterus
-Reservoir for sperm deposited during coitus
-Acts as a passageway for childbirth
-Allows for drainage of menstrual flow and other secretions
Pelvic floor muscles: ~Stabilize and support the internal and external organs. ~Levator ani muscles (pelvic floor muscles) support the vagina, urethra and rectum.
Pg 6 Unit II
- Role of the Perineum
Part of the external genitalia. Skin covered muscular area between the vaginal introitus and the anus.
-Site of the episiotomy (intentional cut that is performed to assist in the delivery of the baby
-Site where tears and lacerations can occur
Pg 6 unit II
- Role of the fundus
*The upper dome shaped part of the uterus. The Fallopian tubes enter the uterus on each side of the fundus.
- Narrowest portion of the pelvis
- Ischial spines: between them is the narrowest part of the pelvis. Used as reference points for fetal descent during labor.
Pg 8 unit II
- What hormones build up the endometrium (uterine lining)
-Estrogen helps to enrich the endometrial lining (makes it thicker/healthier)
-Once ovulation occurs: progesterone helps prepare the uterine lining for fertilization
Pg 10 unit II
- Role of progesterone in pregnancy
-Maintains uterine lining for implantation of the zygote
-Reduces uterine contraction to prevent spontaneous abortion
-Prepares the glands of the breast for lactation
-Stimulates testes to produce testosterone which aids in the development of male fetal reproductive tract
Pg 16 unit II
- Internal female structures
-Include the Vagina, uterus, cervix, Fallopian tubes, ovaries and pelvis.
- When does fertilization occur?
-Takes place in the ampulla of the Fallopian tube (1/3 end of the Fallopian tube)
-When sperm enters ovum the cell formed is called a zygote (the returning of the total number of 46 chromosomes)
-During transport through the Fallopian tubes, the zygote does not increase in size, but undergoes a mitotic division (cleavage)
-Starts with two cell division >four > eight
-Once the zygote reaches a 16 cell division, it is called a morula.
-The morula enters the uterus on the 3rd day and floats for 2-4 days before implanting in the fundal section of the anterior or posterior uterine wall.
Pgs 11-12 unit II
- Egg viability (ovum)
- Is viable for 12-24 hours after ovulation
- Degenerates and is absorbed if not fertilized
Pg 11 unit II
- Sperm viability
- They remain viable for 2-3 days and up to 5 days in fertile mucous
- Many are destroyed in transit
- Some are defective (ie; two heads, two tails, etc..)
Pg 11 unit II
- When does ovulation occur?
- Ovulation occurs when a mature ovum is released from the follicle about 14 days before the onset of menstruation.
Pg 10 unit II
- Reasons for decrease in sperm
For normal production of sperm the testicles should avoid overexposure to heat.
- Purposes for testosterone in males
- Increase muscle mass and strength
- Promotes growth of long bones
- Increases basal metabolic rate
- Enhances production of RBC’s
- Produces enlargement of vocal chords
- affects the distribution of body hair
Pg 4 unit II
- When does the ovum get released during the ovulation cycle?
- The ovum is released about 14 days before the onset of the next menstrual period.
Pg 10 unit II
- Purpose of the Fallopian tubes
- It is a passageway in which the sperm meets the ovum
- **A site of fertilization occurs (usually 1/3 of the tube)
- A safe nourishing environment for the zygote (fertilized ovum)
- A means of transporting the zygote to the corpus of the uterus
