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Unit 1 Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Action

A
  1. Extend shoulder
  2. Adduct shoulder
  3. Internally rotate shoulder
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2
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Spinous process of T7 to T12
  2. Thoracolumnar fascia
  3. Iliac Crest
  4. Inferior 4 ribs
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3
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Distal Attachment

A
  1. Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
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4
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

A
  1. Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)
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5
Q

Trapezius Proximal Attachment

A
  1. External Occipital protuberance
  2. Medial 1/3 superior nuchal of occiput
  3. Liagamentum Nuchae
  4. Spinous Process of C7 to T12
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6
Q

Trapezius Distal Attachment

A
  1. Lateral 1/3 clavicle
  2. Acromion
  3. Spine of scapula
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7
Q

Trapezius Innervation

A
  1. Motor: Spinal Accessory Nerve CN 11
  2. Sensory: Ventral Ramus C3 and C4
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8
Q

Upper Trapezius Action

A
  1. Bilaterally extend head and neck
  2. Unilaterally laterally flex head and neck to same side
  3. Rotate head and neck to opposite sides
  4. Elevate scapula
  5. Upwardly rotate scapula
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9
Q

Middle Trapezius Action

A
  1. Adduct scapula
  2. Stabilize scapula
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10
Q

Lower Trapezius Action

A
  1. Depress scapula
  2. Upwardly rotate scapula
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11
Q

Levator Scapulae Proximal Attachment

A
  1. Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 to C4
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12
Q

Levator Scapulae Distal Attachment

A
  1. Medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of spine of scapula
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13
Q

Levator Scapulae Innervation

A
  1. Cervical (C3, C4)
  2. Dorsal Scapular nerve (C4, C5)
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14
Q

Levator Scapulae Action

A
  1. Unilaterally elevate scapula
  2. Unilaterally downwardly rotate scapula
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15
Q

Rhomboid Major/Minor Proximal Attachment

A

Minor: 1. Nuchal Ligament
2. Spinous process of C7 to T1
Major: Spinous process of T2 to T5

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16
Q

Rhomboid Major/Minor Distal Attachment

A

Minor: Medial border of spine of scapula
Major: Medial border of scapula between spine and inferior angle

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17
Q

Rhomboid Major/Minor Innervation

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C4, C5)

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18
Q

Rhomboid Major/Minor Action

A
  1. Adduct/Retract scapula
  2. Downwardly rotate scapula
  3. Fix scapula to thoracic wall
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19
Q

Deltoid Action

A
  1. Anterior: Flexes and medially rotates arm
  2. Middle: Abducts arm
  3. Posterior: Extends and laterally rotates arm
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20
Q

Deltoid Proximal Attachment

A

1.Clavicle
2. acromion
3. Spine of scapula

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21
Q

Deltoid Distal Attachment

A

Deltoid tuberosity

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22
Q

Deltoid Innervation

A

Axillary Nerve (C5, C6)

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23
Q

Pectoralis Major Action

A
  1. Adducts and medially rotates humerus
  2. Protracts/Draws scapula Anteriorly and inferiorly
  3. Clavicular head: flexes humerus
  4. Sternocostal head: extends humerus
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24
Q

Pectoralis Major Proximal Attachment

A

Clavicular head: 1. Clavicle
Sternocostal head: 1. Sternum
2. Ribs 1 to 6 costal cartilage
3. External oblique

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25
Pectoralis Major Distal Attachment
Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
26
Pectoralis Major Innervation
1. Lateral and Medial pectoral nerves Clavicular head: C5, C6 Sternocostal head: C7, C8, T1
27
Pectoralis Minor Action
1. Stabilizes scapula 2. Tilt scapula anteriorly 3. Assist elevate thorax during forced inhalation
28
Pectoralis Minor Proximal Attachment
1. Ribs 3 to 5 near costal cartilage
29
Pectoralis Minor Innervation
1. Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1) 2. Lateral pectoral nerve
30
Infraspinatus Action
RC 1. Externally rotates shoulder (main) 2. Stabilize head of humerus
31
Infraspinatus Proximal attachment
1. Infraspinatus fossa
32
Infraspinatus Distal attachment
1. Greater tubercle of humerus
33
Infraspinatus Innervation
Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
34
Teres Major Action
1. Adduct shoulder 2. Internally rotates shoulder
35
Teres Major Proximal attachment
1. Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
36
Teres Major Distal attachment
Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
37
Teres Major Innervation
Lower Subscapular nerve (C5, C6)
38
Supraspinatus Action
RC 1. Initially assists deltoid in abduction 2. Stabilize head of humerus
39
Supraspinatus Proximal attachment
Supraspinatus fossa
40
Supraspinatus Distal attachment
Greater tubercle of humerus
41
Supraspinatus Innervation
Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)
42
Teres Minor Action
RC 1. Externally rotate shoulder (main) 2. Stabilize head of humerus
43
Teres Minor Proximal attachment
Lateral border of scapula
44
Teres Minor Distal Attachment
Greater tubercle of humerus
45
Teres Minor Innervation
Axillary Nerve (c5, c6)
46
Subscapularis Action
RC 1. Internally rotate shoulder 2. Stabilize head of humerus
47
Subscapularis Proximal attachment
Subscapular fossa
48
Subscapularis Distal attachment
Lesser tubercle of humerus
49
Subscapularis Innervation
Upper and lower subscapular nerve ( c5, c6, c7)
50
Serratus Anterior Action
1. Protracts scapular joint 2. Upwardly rotates scapula 3. Holds scapula against thoracic wall.
51
Serratus Anterior proximal attachment
Lateral parts of ribs 1- 9
52
Serratus Anterior distal attachment
Anterior Medial border of scapula
53
Serratus Anterior innervation
Long thoracic nerve (C-5, C6, C7)
54
Pectoralis Minor Distal Attachment
1. Coracoid process
55
Splenius Capitus proximal attachment
1. Nuchal ligament 2. SP of C7 to T6.
56
Splenius Capitus distal attachment
1. Mastoid process of temporal bone. 2. Lateral 1/3 of superior nuchal line of occipital bone.
57
Splenius Capitus innervation
Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves
58
Splenius Capitus action
1. Unilaterally laterally flexes neck 2. Unilaterally, rotates head ipsilaterally. 3. Bilaterally extends head and neck.
59
Splenius Cervicis proximal attachment
1.Nuchal ligament 2. SP of a C7 through T6.
60
Splenius Cervicis distal attachment
Tubercles of TP of C1 to C4
61
Splenius Cervicis innervation
Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves
62
Splenius Cervicis action
1. unilaterally laterally flexes neck. 2. Unilaterally Rotates head ipsilaterally. 3. Bilaterally Extends head and neck.
63
Iliocostalis proximal attachment
1. Thoracolumbar fascia 2. Posterior surface of sacrum. 3. SP of T 11 and T 12 and all of lumbar. 4. Iliac crest
64
Iliocostalis distal attachment
1. Lower rib angles. 2. Cervical TP.
65
Iliocostalis innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
66
Iliocostalis action
1. Unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column ipsilaterally. 2. Bilaterally extend vertebral column.
67
Longissimus proximal attachment
1. Thoracolumbar fascia 2. Posterior surface of sacrum. 3. SP of T11, and T 12 and lumbar. 4. Iliac crest
68
Longissimus distal attachment
1. Between rib tubercles and angles. 2. Thoracic TP.
69
Longissimus innervation
Dorsal Rami, spinal nerves
70
Longissimus action
1. Unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column ipsilaterally. 2. Bilaterally extend vertebral column.
71
Spinalis proximal attachment
1. Thoracolumbar fascia 2. Posterior surface of sacrum. 3. SP of T11, and T12 and lumbar. 4. Iliac crest
72
Spinalis distal attachment
1. Upper thoracic SP. 2. Cranium.
73
Spinalis innervation
Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves
74
Spinalis action
1. Unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column ipsilaterally. 2. Bilaterally extend vertebral column.
75
Rotatores inferior attachment
TP of vertebrae
76
Rotatores superior attachment
SP of lumbar through C2
77
Rotatores innervation
Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves
78
Rotatores action
1. unilaterally rotate vertebral column contralaterally 2. Bilaterally extend vertebral column. 3. bilateral organs of proprioception
79
Multifidus inferior attachment
1. Posterior sacrum. 2. PSIS 3. Aponeurosis of erector spinae. 4. SI ligaments. 5. Mamillary processes of lumbar vertebrae. 6. TP of T1 to T3. 7. Articular process of C4 to C7.
80
Multifidus superior attachment
Run Obliquely, supermedially to entire length of SP
81
Multifidus innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
82
Multifidus action
1. Unilaterally rotate vertebral column contralaterally 2. Bilaterally extend vertebral column. 3. Stabilize his vertebrae.
83
Semispinalis Capitis inferior attachment
TP of C4 to T12
84
Semispinalis Capitis superior attachment
Runs supermediately to occipital bone, SP thoracic and cervical (4 to 6 segments)
85
Semispinalis Capitis. Innervation
Cervical dorsal Rami of spinal nerves
86
Semispinalis Capitis action
1. Rotate vertebral column contralaterally 2. Extend vertebral column.
87
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major proximal attachment
SP of C2
88
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major distal attachment
Lateral inferior nuchal line
89
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major action
1. Rock and tilt head into extension. 2. Rotate head ipsilaterally. ***
90
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor proximal attachment
Posterior tubercle of posterior arch of C1
91
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor distal attachment
Medial part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone
92
Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor action
Rock and tilt head into extension
93
Suboccipital’s innervation
Suboccipital nerve (dorsal ramus of C1)
94
Oblique Capitis inferior proximal attachment
SP of C2
95
Oblique Capitis inferior distal attachment
TP C1
96
Oblique Capitis inferior action
Rotate head ipsilaterally
97
Oblique Capitis superior proximal attachment
TP of C1
98
Oblique Capitis superior Distal attachment
Occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines
99
Oblique Capitis superior action
1. Rock and tilt head into extension 2. Laterally flex head ipsilaterally.
100
Sternocleidomastoid superior attachment
1. Mastoid process of temporal bone. 2. Superior nuchal line.
101
Sternocleidomastoid inferior attachment
Sternal head 1. Manubrium of sternum. Clavicular head 1. Medial 1/3 of clavicle.
102
Sternocleidomastoid innervation
1. Spinal accessory nerve. CX XI (motor) 2. C3 and C4. (pain and proprioception)
103
Sternocleidomastoid action
1. Unilaterally, laterally, flexes neck, ipsilaterally, and contralaterally rotates head 2. Bilaterally extends neck at OA joint. 3. Bilaterally, flexes, cervical vertebrae (chin to manubrium). 4. Bilaterally extends superior cervical vertebrae, while flexing inferior. 5. If cervical vertebrae are fixed, elevates manubrium.
104
Platysma superior attachment
Inferior border of mandible, skin, and subcutaneous tissues of lower face
105
Platysma inferior attachment
1. Pectoralis major. 2. Deltoid
106
Platysma innervation
1. Facial nerve CN 7
107
Platysma action
1. Drive corners of the mouth and inferiorly 2.Draws skin of neck superiorly
108
Mylohyoid proximal attachment
Mylohyoid line of mandible
109
Mylohyoid distal attachment
1. Mylohyoid raphe 2. Body of hyoid.
110
Mylohyoid innervation
1. Nerve to mylohyoid. 2. Branch of inferior alveolar nerve CN V
111
Mylohyoid action
Elevates, hyoid, floor of mouth and tongue
112
Geniohyoid proximal attachment
Inferior mental spine of mandible
113
Geniohyoid distal attachment
Body of hyoid
114
Geniohyoid innervation
1. C1 of hypoglossal nerve CN XII 2. Nerve to Geniohyoid
115
Geniohyoid action
1. Pulls hyoid anterior superiorly 2. Shortens floor of mouth. 3. Widens pharynx
116
Stylohyoid proximal attachment
Styloid process of temporal bone
117
Stylohyoid distal attachment
Body of hyoid
118
Stylohyoid innervation
Stylohyoid branch of facial nerve CN VII
119
Stylohyoid action
1.Elevates Andrew tracks hyoid 2. Elongates floor of mouth.
120
Digastric proximal attachment
Anterior belly: digastric fossa of mandible Posterior belly: mastoid notch of temporal bone
121
Digastric distal attachment
1. Intermediate tendon to body of hyoid. 2. Greater horn of hyoid.
122
Digastric innervation
Anterior belly: 1. Nerve to Mylohyoid. 2. Branch of inferior alveolar Posterior belly: digastric branch of facial nerve
123
Digastric action
1. Depresses mandible with infrahyoids 2. Elevates and studies hyoid during swallowing and speaking.
124
Sternohyoid proximal attachment
1. Manubrium. 2. Medial end of clavicle.
125
Sternohyoid distal attachment
Body of hyoid
126
Sternohyoid innervation
C1 to C3 branch of Ansa cervicalis
127
Sternohyoid action
Depresses hyoid after elevation, while swallowing
128
Sternothyroid proximal attachment
Posterior surface of manubrium
129
Sternothyroid distal attachment
Oblique line of thyroid cartilage
130
Sternothyroid innervation
C2 to C3 branch of Ansa cervicalis
131
Sternothyroid action
Depresses, hyoid and larynx
132
Omohyoid proximal attachment
Superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch
133
Omohyoid distal attachment
Inferior border of hyoid
134
Omohyoid innervation
C1 to C3 branch of Ansa cervicalis
135
Omohyoid action
Depresses, retracts, and studies hyoid
136
Thyrohyoid proximal attachment
Oblique line of thyroid cartilage
137
Thyrohyoid distal attachment
1. Inferior border of body of hyoid. 2. Greater horn of hyoid.
138
Thyrohyoid innervation
1. See one via hypoglossal nerve CN XII 2. Nerve to Thyrohyoid
139
Thyrohyoid action
1. Depress, hyoid 2. elevate larynx
140
Anterior triangle muscle borders
Anterior: medial line of neck Posterior: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid Superior: inferior border of mandible
141
Anterior triangle inner triangles
1. Submandibular triangle. 2. Submental triangle. 3. Carotid triangle. 4. Muscular triangle.
142
Lateral triangle borders
Anterior: posterior surface of sternocleidomastoid Posterior: anterior trapezius Inferior : middle one third of clavicle
143
Lateral triangle inner triangles
1. Occipital triangle. 2. Omoclavicular (subclavian) triangle
144
Posterior cervical region muscles
1. Posterior scalenes. 2. Levator scapula 3. Splenius capitus 4. Omohyoid (inferior belly).
145
Submandibular triangle
-within anterior triangle -Contains: Submandibular gland, lymph nodes, hypoglossal nerve, mylohyoid nerve, facial artery and vein
146
Submental triangle
-With an anterior triangle -contains: Submental, lymph nodes, veins that form anterior jugular
147
Carotid triangle
-Within anterior triangle -Contains: Internal jugular, vagus nerve, external carotid, spinal accessory nerve CN XI,
148
Muscular triangle
-within anterior triangle -Contains: Sternothyroid, sternohyoid, thyroid, and parathyroid
149
Occipital triangle
-within lateral triangle -External jugular, spinal accessory nerve CN XI
150
Omoclavicular (subclavian) triangle
-within lateral triangle - 1/3 subclavian artery, trunk of brachioplexus, part of subclavian vein, suprascapular artery, supraclavicular lymph nodes
151
External Intercostals action
Draws the ribs, superiorly to assist with inhalation
152
Internal intercostals action
Draw the ribs, inferiorly to assist with exhalation
153
Intercostals proximal attachment
Inferior border of the rib above
154
Intercostals distal attachment
Superior border of the rib below
155
Intercostals innervation
Thoracic segmental intercostal nerve
156
Serratus, posterior superior action
Elevates ribs with inhalation
157
Serratus posterior inferior action
Depresses ribs with exhalation
158
Transverses thoracis, proximal attachment
Internal surfaces of costal cartilage is of ribs, 3-6
159
Transverses thoracis distal attachment
Inferior body of sternum, xiphoid process
160
Transverses, thoracis action
Depresses costal cartilage is (pull in)
161
Subcostales action
May depress ribs
162
Accessory respiratory muscles
Sternocleidomastoid, platysma, pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, trapezius, scalenes, serratus anterior
163
Diaphragm action
Draws down the central tendon of the diaphragm during inhalation
164
Diaphragm proximal attachment
1. Costal attachment: inner surface of lower six ribs 2. Lumbar attachment: upper 3 lumbar vertebrae. 3. Sternal attachment: inner part of xiphoid process.
165
Diaphragm distal attachment
Central tendon
166
Diaphragm innervation
Phrenic nerve C3, C4, C5. Keeps you alive.
167
Diaphragm motion, other affects
Venous return, spinal stabilization, controls intra-abdominal pressure’s, parasympathetic relaxation
168
Quadratus lumborum action
1. Unilaterally laterally, hike, pelvis 2. Unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column ipsilaterally. 3. Unilaterally extends vertebral column. 4. Bilaterally fix last rib during forced inspiration.
169
Quadratus lumborum superior attachment
12th rib and lumbar transverse processes
170
Quadratus lumborum inferior attachment
1.Iliolumbar ligament 2. internal lip of iliac crest
171
Quadratus lumborum innervation
Ventral branches of T12, L1 to L4
172
Psoas major action
1. Flex the hip 2. Externally rotate the hip. 3. Flex the trunk toward the thigh 4. Tilted pelvis anteriorly 5. Stabilize the hip joint.
173
Psoas major proximal attachment
1. T12 to L5, vertebrae and discs 2. Transverse processes of all of all lumbar vertebrae.
174
Psoas major distal attachment
Lesser trochanter of femur
175
Psoas major innervation
Ventral rami of L1, L2, L3
176
Iliacus action
1.Flex the hip 2. Externally rotate the hip. 3. Flex the trunk towards the sky. 4. Tilted pelvis anteriorly
177
Iliacus superior attachment
1. Iliac fossa 2. Sacrum 3. Anterior sacroiliac ligaments.
178
Iliacus inferior attachment
1. Lesser trochanter. 2. Psoas tendon.
179
Iliacus innervation
Femoral L2 to L4
180
Rectus, abdominous action
1. Flex the vertebral column. 2. Compress, abdominal viscera. 3. Tilted pelvis posteriorly
181
Rectus abdominis proximal attachment
1. Pubic crest. 2. Pubic symphysis.
182
Rectus abdominis distal attachment
1. Cartilage of a 5 to 7 ribs 2. Xiphoid process.
183
Rectus, abdominous innervation
Thoraco abdominal nerves, (anterior rami of T6 to T 12 spinal nerves)
184
External oblique action
1. Unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column to the same side. 2. Unilaterally rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side. 3. Bilaterally flex the vertebral column. 4. Bilaterally compress, abdominal contents.
185
Internal oblique action
1. Unilaterally laterally flex vertebral column to the same side. 2. Unilaterally rotate the vertebral column to the same side. 3. Bilaterally flex the vertebral column. 4. Bilaterally compress, abdominal contents.
186
External oblique, proximal attachment
External surfaces of five - 12 ribs
187
External oblique distal attachment
1. Linea alba. 2. Pubic tubercle 3. Anterior half of iliac crest.
188
External oblique innervation
Thoraco. Abdominal nerves of T7 to T11 and subcostal nerve.
189
Internal oblique proximal attachment
1. Thoracolumbar fascia 2. Iliac crest. 3. Connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament.
190
Transverse abdominous action
Compress and support abdominal viscera -Antagonist to diaphragm with expiration
191
Transversus abdominous, proximal attachment
1. Internal surfaces of 7th to 12 costal cartilage 2. Thoracolumbar fascia 3. Iliac crest. 4. Connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament.
192
Transverse abdominous distal attachment
1. Linea alba with aponeurosis of internal oblique 2. Pubic crest. 3. Pecten pubis via conjoint tendon
193
Transverse abdominous innervation
Thoraco abdominal nerves, and first lumbar nerve
194
What makes up the Suprahyoids
Mylohyoid Geniohyoid Digastric (2 bellies) Stylohyoid
195
What makes up the infrahyoids
Omohyoid (2 bellies) Sternohyoid Sternothyroid Thyrohyoid

Anatomy (9 decks)

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