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Anatomy and Physiology > UNIT 1 (MODULE 1) LABORATORY 1 > Flashcards

UNIT 1 (MODULE 1) LABORATORY 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Anatomical Reference System?

A

are the terms used to describe direction, position, and location of the body

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2
Q

What are the 4 Anatomical References?

A
  1. Anatomical Direction
  2. Anatomical Planes and Axes
  3. Body Cavities (Quadrants and Regions)
  4. Structural Units
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3
Q

What is Anatomical Direction?

A
  • are terms that are used to describe the position of the body
  • some anatomical directions form axes and planes
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4
Q

What are the 14 Anatomical Directions?

A

Superior, Inferior, Anterior, Posterior, Medial, Lateral, Proximal, Distal, Internal, External, Superficial, Deep, Central, and Peripheral

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5
Q

What is Superior?

A

uppermost or above

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6
Q

What is Inferior?

A

lowermost or below

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7
Q

What is Anterior?

A

towards the front

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8
Q

What is Posterior?

A

towards the back

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9
Q

What is the other term for Superior?

A

Cephalad

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10
Q

What is the other term for Inferior?

A

Caudal (occasionally)

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11
Q

What is the other term for Anterior?

A

Ventral

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12
Q

What is the other term for Posterior?

A

Dorsal

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13
Q

What is the meaning of Caudal?

A

towards the tail

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14
Q

What is the meaning of Ventral?

A

belly side

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15
Q

What is the meaning of Dorsal?

A

backside

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16
Q

What is Superior in Biped Animals like humans?

A

uppermost

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17
Q

What is Inferior in Biped Animals like humans?

A

lowermost

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18
Q

What is Anterior in Biped Animals like humans?

A

towards the front/belly side

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19
Q

What is Posterior in Biped Animals like humans?

A

towards the back/ backside

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20
Q

What is Superior in Quadruped Animals?

A

Dorsal/ backside

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21
Q

What is Inferior in Quadruped Animals?

A

Ventral/ belly side and feet

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22
Q

What is Anterior in Quadruped Animals?

A

Cephalad/ towards the head

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23
Q

What is Posterior in Quadruped Animals?

A

Caudal/ towards the tail

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24
Q

What is Medial?

A

towards or nearest the midline

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25
Q

What is Lateral?

A

towards the side or away from the midline

26
Q

What is Proximal?

A

near the point of attachment or origin

27
Q

What is Distal?

A

away from the point of attachment or origin

28
Q

What are Internal and External?

A

are terms that are used to describe in reference with the central axis or longitudinal axis

29
Q

What are Superficial and Deep?

A

are terms that are used to describe in reference with the body surfaces

30
Q

What is Internal?

A

within or interior to

towards the central axis

31
Q

What is External?

A

outside or exterior to

away from the central axis

32
Q

What is Superficial?

A

towards the surface of the body

33
Q

What is Deep?

A

away from the surface of the body

interior to the body

34
Q

What is Central?

35
Q

What is Peripheral?

A

extending to the main part

36
Q

What is Anatomical Planes?

A

are imaginary flat geometric surfaces that are useful in describing the dissection of an organ or the body as a whole

37
Q

What are the different types of Anatomical Planes?

A

Frontal/Coronal Plane, Sagittal Plane, and Transverse Plane

Obliques (Sometimes)

38
Q

What is Frontal Plane?

A

are planes right angle to sagittal planes dividing or separating into anterior and posterior portions

39
Q

What is the other term for Frontal Plane?

A

Coronal Plane

40
Q

What is Sagittal Plane?

A

are planes that divide the body into right and left portions

41
Q

What are the 2 types of Sagittal Plane?

A

Parasagittal plane and Midsagittal plane

42
Q

What is the Parasagittal plane?

A

a type of sagittal plane that divides the body into unequal right and left portions

43
Q

What is the Midsagittal plane?

A

a type of sagittal plane that divides the body into equal right and left portions

44
Q

What is a Transverse plane?

A

are planes that divide the body into superior and inferior portions

45
Q

What are the terms used in describing the internal structures of organs?

A

Cross-section and Longitudinal Section

46
Q

What is a Cross-section?

A

a transverse section that divides or separate right angle to a long axis

47
Q

What is a Longitudinal section?

A

a sagittal section that divides or separate vertically to a long axis

48
Q

What are Axes?

A

are the movements made in a plane

49
Q

What are the different types of Axes?

A

Frontal/ Sagittal Axis, Antero-posterior axis, and Craniocaudal or Longitudinal Axis

50
Q

What is a Frontal/ Sagittal Axis?

A

a line that runs from the right to the left through the centre of the body

51
Q

What is a Antero-posterior Axis?

A

a line that runs from the front to back through the centre of the body

52
Q

What is a Craniocaudal or Longitudinal Axis?

A

a line that runs from the upper to lower through the centre of the body

53
Q

What plane formed Frontal/ Sagittal Axis?

A

Sagittal plane

54
Q

What plane formed Anteroposterior Axis?

A

Transverse plane

55
Q

What plane formed Craniocaudal or Longitudinal Axis?

A

Frontal plane

56
Q

What direction formed Frontal/ Sagittal Axis?

A

Medial and Lateral direction

57
Q

What direction formed Anteroposterior Axis?

A

Anterior and Posterior direction

58
Q

what direction formed the Craniocaudal / Longitudinal axis?

A

Superior and Inferior direction

59
Q

What are Body Cavities?

A

contains the organs included in maintaining homeostasis

60
Q

What are the 2 types of Body Cavities?

A

Dorsal and Ventral Cavity

61
Q

What are the subdivisions of the Dorsal cavity?

A

Thoracic cavity and Abdominal cavity

62
Q

What are the subdivisions of the Ventral cavity?

A

Cranial cavity and Spinal cavity

Anatomy and Physiology (5 decks)

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