Unit 1 List 2 Cell Energy MCA

Question 1

Autotroph

Answer 1

an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.

Question 2

Light Reactions

Answer 2

reactions that are part of the process of photosynthesis, these reactions occur in the thylakoids and require energy to take place.

Question 3

Chlorophyll

Answer 3

a pigment present in all green plants and a few other organisms. It is required for photosynthesis

Question 4

Photosynthesis

Answer 4

Photosynthesis is a process where plants convert light energy into chemical energy to produce glucose and oxygen.

Question 5

Calvin Cycle

Answer 5

The second stage of photosynthesis where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose in the absence of light.

Question 6

Electron Transport Chain

Answer 6

This is where energized electrons are passed through proteins to generate ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis.

Question 7

NADPH

Answer 7

This is a molecule that carries energized electrons and is essential for the production of glucose in photosynthesis.

Question 8

Pigment

Answer 8

Pigments in biology absorb specific wavelengths of light and are essential for photosynthesis.

Question 9

Granum

Answer 9

A stack of thylakoid discs where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place.

Question 10

Stomata

Answer 10

Tiny openings on leaves that regulate gas exchange for photosynthesis.

Question 11

Carbon Fixation

Answer 11

The conversion of carbon dioxide into organic compounds during photosynthesis.

Question 12

Heterotrophs

Answer 12

Organisms that rely on consuming other organisms for nutrients as they cannot produce their own food.

Question 13

Thylakoids

Answer 13

This are where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place.

Question 14

Carotenoids

Answer 14

Pigments responsible for the yellow, orange, and red colors in plants.

Question 15

Mitochondrial Matrix

Answer 15

This is where the Krebs cycle takes place, producing ATP for the cell.

Question 16

Aerobic Respiration

Answer 16

The process of breaking down food molecules using oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP.

Question 17

Fermentation

Answer 17

A metabolic process that produces energy without the use of oxygen.

Question 18

NAD+

Answer 18

a coenzyme involved in cellular respiration and fermentation processes.

Question 19

Alcoholic Fermentation

Answer 19

A type of fermentation that produces ethanol and carbon dioxide as byproducts.

Question 20

Glycolysis

Answer 20

The process where glucose is broken down to produce energy,

Question 21

NADH

Answer 21

A coenzyme involved in cellular Respiration and fermentation processes

Question 22

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 22

A type of respiration that occurs without the presence of oxygen

Question 23

Cellular Respiration

Answer 23

A process where cells break down glucose to produce energy.

Question 24

Krebs Cycle

Answer 24

A process where cells generate energy from pyruvate in the mitochondrial matrix.

Question 25

Pyruvic Acid

Answer 25

A central molecule in cellular Respiration and is produced during glycolysis

Question 26

Citric Acid

Answer 26

a key process where cells generate energy from pyruvate

Question 27

ATP

Answer 27

A molecule that serves as the primary energy carrier in cells

Question 28

ADP

Answer 28

A molecule that results from the removal of a phosphate group from ATP.