CHEMISTRY | Lessons 1-3 | The Atom (Grade 9 review) Flashcards
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Definition of:
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
True or False:
Chemicals are found in all the matter around you
True
What are the three states a substance can be in?
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
Characteristics of:
A solid
- Definite shape
- Definite volume
Characteristics of:
A liquid
- Non-definite shape
- Definite volume
Characteristics of:
A gas
- Non-definite shape
- Non-definite volume
Definition of:
Physical Property
A characteristic of a substance that does NOT produce a new substance.
Examples of:
Physical Property
- Size
- Shape
- Color
- Texture
- Melting/freezing point
- Conductivity
Definition of:
Chemical Property
A characteristic of a substance that can be observed in a chemical reaction.
Examples of:
Chemical Property
- Flammability
- Toxicity
- Solubility
- Radioactivity
- Ability to rust or corrode
Definition of:
Physical Change
Changes a physical property of matter but NOT a chemical property
Definition of:
Chemical Change
Changes a Chemical property of matter
What are the 5 ways to identify a chemical change?
- The production of a new substance
- Color change
- Odor change
- A gas is produced
- Change of temperature
Definition of:
Pure Substance
Substances that are made up of only one kind of particle and have a fixed or constant structure.
True or False:
A pure substance can be an element or a compound
True
Definition of:
Element
A pure substance that can’t be broken down
Definition of:
Compound
A pure substance made of 2 or more elements (can be broken down)
How can a substance be identified?
- Smell
- Taste
- Appearance
- Etc
Definition of:
Mixture
A combination of 2 or more pure substances
Definition of:
Mechanical/Heterogeneous Mixture
A mixture that does not have the same composition throughout (different substances are visible)
Definition of:
Homogeneous Mixture
A mixture that has the same composition throughout (different substances are NOT visible)
What are the three subatomic particles?
- Protons
- Neutrons
- Electrons
Definition of:
Protons
Positively charged particles located in the nucleus of an atom
Definition of:
Neutrons
Electrically neutral particles located in the nucleus of an atom
Definition of:
Electrons
Negatively charged particles that surround the nucleus of an atom (in energy levels)
What did Dalton contribute to the discovery of the atom?
Discovered that everything is made up of small particles (atoms)
What did Thomson contribute to the discovery of the atom?
Discovered the electron
What did Rutherford contribute to the discovery of the atom?
Discovered the atomic structure
What did Bohr contribute to the discovery of the atom?
Discovered that electrons rotate in fixed orbits around the nucleus
What does the atomic number on a Bohr diagram represent?
The amount of protons in an atom
True or False:
In a neutral atom, the number of protons and electrons are different.
False:
In a neutral atom, the number of protons and electrons are the same
Definition of:
Isotopes
Atoms of the same element that contain different amounts of neutrons
Definition of:
Atomic molar mass
The average mass of an elements isotopes
Definition of:
Mass number
The sum of all the protons and neutrons in an atom
