Unit 1: Intro to Micro

Question 1

Definition of Microbiology

Answer 1

Study of very small organisms

Question 2

Smalled type of organism?

Answer 2

Viruses

Question 3

Largest type of organisms?

Answer 3

Parasites

Question 4

Order of largest to smallest organism

Answer 4

Virus (Smallest)
Rickettsiae
Mycoplasma & Chlamydia
Bacteria
Fungi (Yeasts & Mold)
Parasites (Largest)

Question 5

Size of viruses

Answer 5

0.01 micrometers

Question 6

Which organism is seen only with an electron microscope?

Answer 6

Virus

Question 7

Size of Bacteria

Answer 7

1-3 micrometers

Question 8

Size of RBC

Answer 8

7-9 micrometers

Question 9

Medical and Clinical Micro similarities

Answer 9

Both study organisms causing disease in humans
Both cover gen. micro (viruses -> parasites)

Question 10

Which type of microbiology soley studies organisms by group?

Answer 10

Medical Micro

Question 11

How does clinical microbiology study organisms?

Answer 11

Same as Medical Micro
First by group then by body site isolated from in humans

Question 12

How does medical microbiology study organisms?

Answer 12

Organisms by group -
Gram stain and shape of bacteria
Taxonomy of parasites

Question 13

Suffix of Family of bug

Answer 13

-aceae

Question 14

Genus of Bug

Answer 14

First word of name
(eg. Staphylococcus, Escheria)

Question 15

Species of Bug

Answer 15

Second word of name
(eg. coli, aureus)

Question 16

How do you write the complete name (genus and species) of a bug?

Answer 16

Escherichia coli (underlined or italicized)

Question 17

How do you write the abbreviated name for a bug?

Answer 17

E. coli (underlined or italicized)

Question 18

How do you write the Genus only of a bug?

Answer 18

Escherichia sp./spp. (underlined or italicized)

Question 19

How do you write the name of a group of organisms?

Answer 19

staphylococci
(NOT capitalized, underlined, nor italicized)

Question 20

What is the diagnostic process in microbiology?

Answer 20

1) Symptoms of infectious disease
2) Specimen collected FROM SITE AFFECTED
3) Specimen transfer to lab
4) Specimen processing in lab
5) Specimen ID
6) AST (IF INDICATED FOR ORGANISM)
7) Report results to MD

Question 21

Where does the doctor collect the organism from?

Answer 21

Only site(s) affected

Question 22

When is AST done?

Answer 22

IF it’s indicated by the organism

Question 23

What is the first step of the clinical diagnostic process in microbiology?

Answer 23

The patient exhibits symptoms of disease

Question 24

How does the patient-doctor interaction go down?

Answer 24

History of illness
Physical exam
Tentative problem/infectious site identified
Lab tests ordered

Question 25

What has to be result of the physical exam to indicate an infection?

Answer 25

Fever, Swelling, Redness, pus

Question 26

What are examples of lab tests ordered

Answer 26

CBC Urinalysis Culture

Question 27

What is the gold standard of identifying organisms causing disease (BACTERIA)

Answer 27

Culture

Question 28

How is a culture conducted to identify a pathogen?

Answer 28

Isolation of colony, then identification

Question 29

What are the different methods of identifying an organism causing disease? (BACTERIA)

Answer 29

Culture Serology Microscopy of body site specimen (histology) Molecular - GENOTYPIC Biochemical - PHENOTYPIC Immunochemical

Question 30

Molecular methods

Answer 30

Genotypic

Question 31

Biochemical Methods

Answer 31

Phenotypic

Question 32

Immunochemical

Answer 32

Sandwich methods Antigens/Antibodies using labels

Question 33

Example of serology test

Answer 33

Latex agglutination test for antigens in CSF

Question 34

What are the rules to collecting. specimen?

Answer 34

MUST be for infected site MUST be collected aseptically Place in transport media if required Keep at required temp. during transport Send to lab promptly

Question 35

Where must the specimen be collected from?

Answer 35

Infected site (Sputum vs Saliva)

Question 36

Example of aseptic specimen

Answer 36

Clean catch urine

Question 37

Rapid methods of specimen identification

Answer 37

Gene probes (molecular) Immunochemical Serology

Question 38

Examples of gene probes for molecular identification

Answer 38

Probe for M. tuberculosis in sputum

Question 39

Example of Immunochemical method for specimen ID

Answer 39

ELISA for HIV

Question 40

Example of Serology test for specimen ID

Answer 40

Latex agglutination test for Ags in CSF

Question 41

What info is on a lab report when specimen is ID?

Answer 41

ALWAYS GENUS maybe species maybe AST maybe number of organisms isolated

Question 42

Resident normal flora

Answer 42

Always there, there for months to years

Question 43

Transient normal flora

Answer 43

Sometimes there

Question 44

Carrier state normal flora

Answer 44

Harboring pathogen that doesn't cause apparent disease but can pass it on to others

Question 45

Disinfection

Answer 45

Bleach

Question 46

Sterilization

Answer 46

Autoclave

Question 47

Aseptic technique

Answer 47

Bacticinerator

Question 48

When is something autoclaved?

Answer 48

When it has bacteria

Question 49

Opportunistic infection

Answer 49

Not usually pathogenic

Question 50

Physical Protection

Answer 50

Gloves Biologic safety cabinet Lab coats