unit 1 honors stuff

Question 1

whats a colloid

Answer 1

a heterogenous mixture that appears uniform to the eye.

examples: homogenized milk: fat is mixed into the liquid instead of being a separate layer

lotion: colloid emulsion of oils and water

Question 1

whats an emulsifying agent

Answer 1

a substance that is soluble in both liquids and stabilizes the mixture (ex. egg yolk in mayo)

Question 2

size of particles in a solution mixture (nm)

Answer 2

< 2 nm

Question 3

size of particles in a colloid mixture (nm)

Answer 3

2nm-500nm

Question 4

size of particles in a suspension mixture

Answer 4

500nm-1000nm

Question 5

3 characteristics of solution mixtures

Answer 5

not filterable,
doesn’t separate when standing
doesn’t scatter visible light

Question 6

4 characteristics of colloid mixtures

Answer 6

not filterable
doesnt separate on standing
scatters visible light
translucent or opaque

Question 7

3 characteristics of suspension mixtures

Answer 7

filterable
separates on standing
cloudy or opaque

Question 8

example of a solution mixture

Answer 8

air, gasoline, salt water

Question 9

example of a colloid mixture

Answer 9

smoke, fog, ink, milk, butter, cheese

Question 10

example of a suspension mixture

Answer 10

muddy water, hot cocoa, blood, paint

Question 11

what are the three ways to separate heterogenous solutions

Answer 11

decanting, centrifugation, using a magnet

Question 12

what does decanting exploit

Answer 12

it exploits different masses

Question 13

what does centrifugation exploit

Answer 13

different densities

Question 14

what does using a magnet exploit

Answer 14

exploiting different magnetic properties

Question 15

what is the tyndall effect

Answer 15

scattering of light passing through a colloid (doesn’t occur in solutions)

Question 16

whats gay-lussac’s law of combining volumes

Answer 16

the ratio between volumes of gaseous reactants and products can be expressed by simple, whole numbers

H2(g) + Cl2(g) -> 2HCl(g)
1 vol 1 vol 2 vol

1:1:2 ratio

Question 17

what is the formula for the ideal gas law

Answer 17

PV = nRT

n is the number of gas molecules
R is the universal gas constant

Question 18

what is an ideal look at avagadro’s hyopthesis

Answer 18

if p1 = p2, v1 = v2, t1 = t2, then n1= n2 n matter what the gases are

Question 19

whats effusion

Answer 19

the escape of gaseous molecules through a small hole, into an evacuated space

Question 20

whats graham’s law of effusion

Answer 20

rate of effusion depends on the mass of the molecules and their temperature.

light molecules diffuse more rapidly then heavy molecules, if pressure and temperature is the same

Question 21

whats the pressure of each gas in a mixture called

Answer 21

The pressure of each gas in a mixture is called the partial pressure of the gas

Question 22

whats dalton’s law of partial pressures

Answer 22

total pressure of a mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures (assuming constant temp and no interaction of gases)

total pressure = p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 …

Question 23

how do you determine which substance will have the highest rate of effusion

Answer 23

the lower the density (found in table s), the higher the rate of effusion.

Question 24

in which way do real gases deviate from ideal gas behaviour?

Answer 24

real gas molecules have attractive forces

Question 25

how do you seperate a homogeneous solution

Answer 25

distillation, chromatography, crystillization