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Psych 388 > Unit 1- history and term > Flashcards

Unit 1- history and term Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the main difference between counselling and psychotherapy?

A

Context- the process determines what the professional is doing

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2
Q

What are the main factors that differentiate therapy from counselling?

A
  • theoretical approach
  • licensing demands/requirements
  • employer demands
  • history of the client
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3
Q

What is the largest division amongst psychologists?

A

therapy vs cllg issue

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4
Q

Why is it important to understand the inconsistencies between the terms?

A

Reduces confusion:

  • amongst students and subsequent research
  • cllr trainees
  • customers/clients re exactly what is offered
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5
Q

What is guidance?

A
  • general term for advice re what to do, how to do it, deal with problems
  • focused on solving a problem
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6
Q

What is counselling?

A
  • set of ways a helper helps someone
  • includes specifying the activity and structure of interaction
  • developmentally and holistically oriented
  • focused on problem-solving
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7
Q

What is psychotherapy?

A
  • term based on legacy
  • more applicable to treatments
  • problems defined by therapist
  • more likely medical model
  • for deep maladaptive behaviours
  • focused more on problem-solving
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8
Q

What are the main similarities between the approaches?

A
  • communication process where professionals help clients with choices
  • common goal of client finishing with more self/situational knowledge
  • common assumptions re helping
  • client makes ultimate decision, has responsibility
  • same microskills
  • involve relationship
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9
Q

What are the main differences between the approaches?

A
  • guidance has expert giving advice
  • guidance is situationally focused
  • cllg skillset oriented to making decisions, not specific issues
  • cllg and psycho focus on ability and beyond
  • cllg more short -term
  • psychotherapy more long-term
  • relative to professional
  • therapy used by psychologists and psychiatrists (medical)
  • DSM users treatment and therapy
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10
Q

Which practice helps identify and choose values over making changes?

A

Guidance

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11
Q

What are the most common presenting issues?

A
  • developmental issues
  • overcoming specific problems
  • coping better with crisis situation
  • improving relationships w others
  • overcoming feelings of inner conflict
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12
Q

What are the core values of cllg?

A

1- client’s strengths and own ability to make personal changes
2- holistic and client centered focus
3- sensitivity to diversity and multiculturalism

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13
Q

What is social work?

A
  • helps individuals, families, groups and communities enhance individual and collective well being
  • helps people dev skills and solve problems
  • social justice and advocacy
  • relationship as basis for intervention and respect of client choice
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14
Q

What were the two movements that came to Canada from the US and sparked cllg?

A
  • mental health movement (Clifford Beers)

- vocational guidance movement (Frank Parsons)

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15
Q

What was Parson’s theory for choosing vocation?

A
  • knowledge of work
  • knowledge of self
  • matching the two through true reasoning
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16
Q

How did WW1 change things for the cllg profession?

A

It became recognized via testing and placement, giving vocational guidance scientific legitimacy

17
Q

Who came up with the first cllg theory and what was it?

A

EG Williamson

- Minnesota point of view/ Trait-factor cllg

18
Q

What were the core assumptions of Williamson’s approach?

A
  • cllr-centred, identifies problem and prescribes therapy
  • cllr mentoring and teaching skills
  • traits integrated to form constellations of characteristic (factors)
  • empirical model to help stop unproductive thinking and behaviour
19
Q

When was the ROgers Revolutiona dn what was it about?

A

In the 1940s

  • challenged the dominant approach and emphasized client responsibility
  • non-directive approach
  • helper as non-judgmental and accepting
20
Q

What was one of the biggest impacts of the Rogers Revolution?

A

Importance of relationship

21
Q

What were the 4 dominant theories pre-1950s?

A
  • behaviourism (skinner)
  • trait-factor (williamson)
  • psychoanalytic (Freud)
  • humanistic (Rogers)
22
Q

What occurred in the 50s and 60s?

A
  • growing number of competing theories
  • increase in complexity
  • growth in popularity of humanistic theory
  • group movement
23
Q

What are the most pressing topics in the counselling world for the future?

A
  • Violence, crisis and trauma
  • Promoting wellness
  • social justice
  • technology
  • leadership
  • identity

Psych 388 (8 decks)

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