Unit 1: Diversity of Life Flashcards
Nucleus
stores & protects DNA
Legless lizard & snake, caecilian (amphibian, breathes thru skin)
shared an ancestor over 20mil yrs ago, but are similar because of their living environment. has long-tub shape bcs lived underground
Convergent Evolution
species have similar characteristics/adaptions due to similar environments
Plasma Membrane
phospholipid bilayer: keeps organelles in place, lets things n and out, protective
Rough ER
Covered in ribosomes, works with Golgi to create new organelles
Smooth ER
Makes lipid in its special environment
Ribosomes
are on the Rough Er, makes proteins
Cytoplasm
plasm of the cell- includes everything in the cell
Cytosol
fluid/solution around organelles
Mitochondria
powerhouse of the cell- convert glucose to energy, provides the cell with energy
Lysosomes
recycling system: break down old organelles so they can be reused
Cytoskeleton
Long proteins that provide structure/shape to the cell,
(tracks) Transportation
Tight Junction
staple one cell to another so things can not pass thru it. Keeps skin from leaking, heart from leaking blood, lungs not filled w water.
Gap Junction
protein structures that go from one cell to another so cells can communicate
Carbohydrates
Energy storage or structural.
Glucose: energy storage
Starch: energy storage
Cellulose (fiber): structure, harder to break down
Glycogen: energy storage in muscle/liver
Chitin: used for insect exoskeleton
Nucleic Acid
DNA & RNA: store info on how to make/operate organism (hair color, height,repair bones)
Proteins
do work & enzymes that make chemical reactions happen
Lipids
Hormones (signal molecules; cholesterol,testerone), Fats: energy storage, nonpolar
DKPCOFGS
Domain, Kingdom,Phylum, Class, Order, Genus, Species
- Phylum
Porifera: sponges, suspension feeders, stationary
- Phylum
Cnideria: jellyfish, stinging cells, radically symmetrical, digestive layer
- Phylum
Annelida: earthworm/leech, segmented body, repeated organs, closed circulatory
- Phylum
Mollusca: clams/squids/octopus: have mantle & foot, open body cavity, open circulatory
- Phylum
Arthropoda: (insects, lobster, barancles) exoskeleton w joint appendages, segmented body,
- Phylum
Echinodermata: (starfish/sea urchin) symmetrical, external spine, internal skeleton, regenerate lost parts
- Phylum
Chordata: (mammals), Dorsal hollow nerve cord, post-anal tail, notochord
Chordata (Hagfish)
Hagfish: skull with no jaw, no vertebral column, eye spots
Chordata (Lamprey)
Cartilaginous backbone, No jaws, can see images
Chordata (Tunicates)
Tunicates: suspension feeder, no brain or tail
Chordata (Cartilaginous Fish)
Sharks/Rays: Cartilaginous skeleton,electrical sense organs, lateral lines (pressure sensing)
Chordata (Bony Fish)
Salmon/Trout: bone skeleton, ray fins, Operculum for gills
Chordata (Lobe Finned Fish)
Lung Fish: lobe shaped fins, bony, have rod shaped bones in fins
Chordata (Amphibians)
Frogs: found in wet habitats, breath thru skin, lay eggs, require water for reproduction
Chordata (Reptiles)
Lizard/Turtle: keratin skin/scales, ectothermic (coldblooded), lay eggs
Chordata (Aves)
Birds: endothermic (warmblooded), lay eggs, have feathers
Chordata (Mammals)
Dogs/Humuns: endothermic, have hair, mammary gland (produce milk)
