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Engels > unit 1: culture > Flashcards

unit 1: culture Flashcards

1
Q

What is a migrant?

A

people and animals that have moved between countries.

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2
Q

What is an immigrant?

A

a migrant who enters a country to live there permanently

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3
Q

What is an emigrant?

A

a migrant who leaves their country to live in another one, permanently

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4
Q

what is an alien?

A

a migrant who is not a legal citizen of the country where they live
- legal: student
- illegal: refugee

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5
Q

what is a refugee?

A

a migrant who has been forced to leave their country for external reasons (they couldnt control): political or religious reasons, natural disasters, etc.

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6
Q

what is an asylum seeker?

A

a refugee who asks the government to allow them to live there.
(they left their country because it wasnt safe for them specifically there)

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7
Q

what is a displaced person?

A

a refugee who is still in the country they want to leave, but they can’t go yet; they’re waiting for someone to come get them.

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8
Q

explain ‘Populate or Perish’

A

slogan for the Australian program for mass immigration after WWII
- populate: Australia needed immigrants to expand the population.
- perish: the country would cease to exist unless they had a larger population in case of invasion, and the country needed workers for the economy (many people died in the war)

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9
Q

What was the purpose of the video of VisaFirst?

A

To convince people to use VisaFirst when going to Australia.

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10
Q

What is a working holiday visa?

A

a residence permit allowing travellers to undertake employment (and sometimes study) in the country, using a visa.

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11
Q

How does VisaFirst help you with your working holiday experience?

A

Free Wi-Fi, arrange bank account, being a guide, orientation (guide), hostel, mailbox service, find a job, transport, help you with taxes,…

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12
Q

What is a hostel?

A

A hostel is a lower-priced hotel that offers basic, shared accommodations, especially for younger people (jeugdherberg)

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13
Q

What is TFN? Why should you have one?

A

a Tax File Number is your personal reference number in the tax and superannuation systems. It’s free to apply for a TFN.

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14
Q

What does compulsory mean?

A

Necessary, obligatory: you need to do this.

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15
Q

Why should you have an Australian bank account?

A

To be able to receive money, tax reduction (50% -> 29%)

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16
Q

What are some of the jobs you could do in Australia?

A

construction, harvest, entertainment (hotels, bars, animation, etc.)

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17
Q

What is a Lord Protector?

A

an adult who takes care of the crown prince(s) until they are of age.

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18
Q

Which fields of study came together to prove that the found bones were Richard III’s?

A

DNA-testing and computer imaging.

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19
Q

What were some signs that the bones belonged to Richard III?

A

The presence of scoliosis, the height of the dead man, the manner of his death, his feminine build

20
Q

From which parent do the scientists compare the mitochondrial DNA to determine ancestry?

A

From the mother: this DNA is only passed from mother to child, but it is not passed from a man to his own decendants.

21
Q

how are the ancestral peoples of the UK similar? how are they different?

A

Similar: the idea that they were hunter-gatherers, open to accepting people of other cultures.
Different: they kept their personal identities and never melded into one ‘British’ identity.

22
Q

when was the concept of a ‘British’ identity created??

A

in 1707, when the 3 countries on the island of Great Britain merged

23
Q

when was the concept of a ‘Celtic’ identity created?

A

in the 18th century, when the name for a family of languages was extended to people and cultures.

24
Q

why was there no concept of ‘being British’ before the union of England?

A

Prior to the union, ‘Britain’ was more of a geographical place and not a political entity. When the Romans invaded, there was a variety of peoples in the country and there was no collective identity amongst them.

25
Q

How were the appearances of the three people in the UK different in the past?

A

Scotland had red-headed people, Welsh people were small and dark-haired, southern English people were lanky and blonde.

26
Q

Why shouldn’t we label the peoples or culture of the British Iron age as Celtic?

A

Celtic refers to a language family and language does not imply a cultural identity. there also isnt any hard evidence of a celtic invasion.

27
Q

What criteria can and cannot be used to label peoples as ‘British’ or ‘Belgian’?

A

A political connection allows people to be labelled as ‘British’ or ‘Belgian’, because there is a collective identity. applying labels to earlier groups of peoples is misleading. language cant be used to label a group of people: English people if labelled by language, should be called Germans.

28
Q

what does ‘diaspora’ mean?

A

the spreading of people from a national group or culture to other areas: a mass movement of people with common roots, with an involuntary nature.

29
Q

Why does Canada have an inferiority complex?

A
  • Canada has only recently become its own country: it’s still trying to shed its colonial past.
  • They’re unsure of their political identity: some Canadians prefer the term ‘French-Canadians’ over ‘Canadians’
  • Canada borders the USA, a world power that overshadows Canada. Americans are shitty about Canada.
30
Q

how are the American and Canadia dream similar and different?

A

Similar: same idea: you can achieve succes in the country, your life will become better, etc.
different: because the USA is so big, the American dream is unattainable. Canada is smaller. the Canadian dream is in fact achieveable.

31
Q

How did Italians experience migration to Australia?

A

the Australian population didnt accept them for a long time: they would get called racist slurs.
during WWII Italians were declared ‘enemy aliens’ due to Italy’s association with Germany.
1947: Australia allows Italian migration to the country
southern Italians aren’t considered acceptable European immigrants (darker skin tone)
Italians get lower-paying jobs
as time passes, it gets better.

32
Q

Why did Italians migrate to Australia.

A

Italy was poor, Australia had their ‘populate or perish’ campaign.

33
Q

adjective for people from this country:
- Chile
- El Salvador
- Maldives
- Bermuda
- Jordan

A
  • Chilean
  • Salvadoran
  • Maldivian
  • Bermudian
  • Jordanian
34
Q

name for people from this country:
- Britain
- Denmark
- Poland
- Sweden
- Turkey
- Spain

A
  • Briton
  • Dane
  • Pole
  • Swede
  • Turk
  • Spaniard
35
Q

give the definitions of a maiden

A

a girl/unmarried woman
virgin
made, tried, appearing for the first time
(of a horse) never having won a race or a prize.

36
Q

give the definitions of a denizen

A

an inhabitant
resident
a person who regularly frequents a place
(British) an alien admitted to residence and to certain rights of citizenship in a country
anything adapted to a new place/condition as an animal or plan not indigenous to a place but successfully neutralized.

37
Q

give the definitions of a lumberjack

A

a person who works at lumbering or logging
a short straight wool plaid jacket or coat
a Canadian grey jaybird

38
Q

give the definitions of longing

A

strong, persistent desire or craving, especially for something unattainable or distant
an instance of something

39
Q

give the defintions of perpetual

A

continuing or enduring forever
lasting an indefinitely long time
continuing or continued without intermission or interruption
blooming almost continuously throughout the season

40
Q

give the definitions of to dis

A

to show disrespect for something
to belittle or undervalue something

41
Q

give the definitions of tarp

A

a protective covering or canvas or other material waterproofed with tar, paint or wax
a hat, especially a sailor’s, made of or covered with such material
a sailor

42
Q

give the defintions of to shed

A

to fall off, as leaves
to drop out, as hair, seed, grain, etc.
to cast off hair, feathers, skin or other covering or parts by natural process

43
Q

give the definitions of to herald

A

to give news or tidings of
announce proclaim
to indicate or signal the coming of
usher in

44
Q

give the definitions of to covet

A

to desire wrongfully, inordinately or without due regard for the rights of others
to wish for, especially eagerly

45
Q

give the definitions of to delude

A

to mislead the mind or judgment of; deceive
to mock or frustrate the hopes or aims of
to elude, evade

Engels (10 decks)

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