unit 1: culture Flashcards
What is a migrant?
people and animals that have moved between countries.
What is an immigrant?
a migrant who enters a country to live there permanently
What is an emigrant?
a migrant who leaves their country to live in another one, permanently
what is an alien?
a migrant who is not a legal citizen of the country where they live
- legal: student
- illegal: refugee
what is a refugee?
a migrant who has been forced to leave their country for external reasons (they couldnt control): political or religious reasons, natural disasters, etc.
what is an asylum seeker?
a refugee who asks the government to allow them to live there.
(they left their country because it wasnt safe for them specifically there)
what is a displaced person?
a refugee who is still in the country they want to leave, but they can’t go yet; they’re waiting for someone to come get them.
explain ‘Populate or Perish’
slogan for the Australian program for mass immigration after WWII
- populate: Australia needed immigrants to expand the population.
- perish: the country would cease to exist unless they had a larger population in case of invasion, and the country needed workers for the economy (many people died in the war)
What was the purpose of the video of VisaFirst?
To convince people to use VisaFirst when going to Australia.
What is a working holiday visa?
a residence permit allowing travellers to undertake employment (and sometimes study) in the country, using a visa.
How does VisaFirst help you with your working holiday experience?
Free Wi-Fi, arrange bank account, being a guide, orientation (guide), hostel, mailbox service, find a job, transport, help you with taxes,…
What is a hostel?
A hostel is a lower-priced hotel that offers basic, shared accommodations, especially for younger people (jeugdherberg)
What is TFN? Why should you have one?
a Tax File Number is your personal reference number in the tax and superannuation systems. It’s free to apply for a TFN.
What does compulsory mean?
Necessary, obligatory: you need to do this.
Why should you have an Australian bank account?
To be able to receive money, tax reduction (50% -> 29%)
What are some of the jobs you could do in Australia?
construction, harvest, entertainment (hotels, bars, animation, etc.)
What is a Lord Protector?
an adult who takes care of the crown prince(s) until they are of age.
Which fields of study came together to prove that the found bones were Richard III’s?
DNA-testing and computer imaging.
What were some signs that the bones belonged to Richard III?
The presence of scoliosis, the height of the dead man, the manner of his death, his feminine build
From which parent do the scientists compare the mitochondrial DNA to determine ancestry?
From the mother: this DNA is only passed from mother to child, but it is not passed from a man to his own decendants.
how are the ancestral peoples of the UK similar? how are they different?
Similar: the idea that they were hunter-gatherers, open to accepting people of other cultures.
Different: they kept their personal identities and never melded into one ‘British’ identity.
when was the concept of a ‘British’ identity created??
in 1707, when the 3 countries on the island of Great Britain merged
when was the concept of a ‘Celtic’ identity created?
in the 18th century, when the name for a family of languages was extended to people and cultures.
why was there no concept of ‘being British’ before the union of England?
Prior to the union, ‘Britain’ was more of a geographical place and not a political entity. When the Romans invaded, there was a variety of peoples in the country and there was no collective identity amongst them.
How were the appearances of the three people in the UK different in the past?
Scotland had red-headed people, Welsh people were small and dark-haired, southern English people were lanky and blonde.
Why shouldn’t we label the peoples or culture of the British Iron age as Celtic?
Celtic refers to a language family and language does not imply a cultural identity. there also isnt any hard evidence of a celtic invasion.
What criteria can and cannot be used to label peoples as ‘British’ or ‘Belgian’?
A political connection allows people to be labelled as ‘British’ or ‘Belgian’, because there is a collective identity. applying labels to earlier groups of peoples is misleading. language cant be used to label a group of people: English people if labelled by language, should be called Germans.
what does ‘diaspora’ mean?
the spreading of people from a national group or culture to other areas: a mass movement of people with common roots, with an involuntary nature.
Why does Canada have an inferiority complex?
- Canada has only recently become its own country: it’s still trying to shed its colonial past.
- They’re unsure of their political identity: some Canadians prefer the term ‘French-Canadians’ over ‘Canadians’
- Canada borders the USA, a world power that overshadows Canada. Americans are shitty about Canada.
how are the American and Canadia dream similar and different?
Similar: same idea: you can achieve succes in the country, your life will become better, etc.
different: because the USA is so big, the American dream is unattainable. Canada is smaller. the Canadian dream is in fact achieveable.
How did Italians experience migration to Australia?
the Australian population didnt accept them for a long time: they would get called racist slurs.
during WWII Italians were declared ‘enemy aliens’ due to Italy’s association with Germany.
1947: Australia allows Italian migration to the country
southern Italians aren’t considered acceptable European immigrants (darker skin tone)
Italians get lower-paying jobs
as time passes, it gets better.
Why did Italians migrate to Australia.
Italy was poor, Australia had their ‘populate or perish’ campaign.
adjective for people from this country:
- Chile
- El Salvador
- Maldives
- Bermuda
- Jordan
- Chilean
- Salvadoran
- Maldivian
- Bermudian
- Jordanian
name for people from this country:
- Britain
- Denmark
- Poland
- Sweden
- Turkey
- Spain
- Briton
- Dane
- Pole
- Swede
- Turk
- Spaniard
give the definitions of a maiden
a girl/unmarried woman
virgin
made, tried, appearing for the first time
(of a horse) never having won a race or a prize.
give the definitions of a denizen
an inhabitant
resident
a person who regularly frequents a place
(British) an alien admitted to residence and to certain rights of citizenship in a country
anything adapted to a new place/condition as an animal or plan not indigenous to a place but successfully neutralized.
give the definitions of a lumberjack
a person who works at lumbering or logging
a short straight wool plaid jacket or coat
a Canadian grey jaybird
give the definitions of longing
strong, persistent desire or craving, especially for something unattainable or distant
an instance of something
give the defintions of perpetual
continuing or enduring forever
lasting an indefinitely long time
continuing or continued without intermission or interruption
blooming almost continuously throughout the season
give the definitions of to dis
to show disrespect for something
to belittle or undervalue something
give the definitions of tarp
a protective covering or canvas or other material waterproofed with tar, paint or wax
a hat, especially a sailor’s, made of or covered with such material
a sailor
give the defintions of to shed
to fall off, as leaves
to drop out, as hair, seed, grain, etc.
to cast off hair, feathers, skin or other covering or parts by natural process
give the definitions of to herald
to give news or tidings of
announce proclaim
to indicate or signal the coming of
usher in
give the definitions of to covet
to desire wrongfully, inordinately or without due regard for the rights of others
to wish for, especially eagerly
give the definitions of to delude
to mislead the mind or judgment of; deceive
to mock or frustrate the hopes or aims of
to elude, evade
