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PSYC 3480 - Psychology of Sport > Unit 1 Course Content > Flashcards

Unit 1 Course Content Flashcards

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1
Q

Sub-standard performance in sport is attributable to what kind of factors?

A

Psychological factors

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2
Q

What is sport?

A

An organized set of rules and regulations

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3
Q

Define sport psychology

A
  • “what is in the mind”(shoulders up; explained through procedures, methods, and theories)
  • the scientific study of the psychological factors that influence and are influenced by participation and performance in sport, exercise, and physical activity
  • the application of knowledge gained through this study to everyday settings
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4
Q

How far back does sport history go?

A

Early days of Egypt, Babylonia, and Syria (18th-6th century B.C.)

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5
Q

Gives two examples of recent sport history

A

Greek Olympic games and the Roman civilizations

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6
Q

What year did sport psychology begin as an academic discipline?

A

1960

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7
Q

When did sport psychology become an applied discipline?

A

A few years after 1960

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8
Q

What branches of psychology is sport psychology built on?

A
  1. Developmental psychology
  2. Clinical (personality) psychology
  3. Cognitive psychology
  4. Social psychology
  5. Psychometrics measurement
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9
Q

Developmental psychology in sport psychology includes:

A
  • optimal learning and performance years
  • heredity and environment
  • childhood/adolescent experiences
  • maturity and aging
  • disabilities
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10
Q

Clinical psychology in sport psychology includes:

A
  • adjustment problems
  • motivation
  • persistence
  • direction and effort
  • psychological attributes and success
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11
Q

Cognitive psychology in sport psychology includes:

A
  • learning processes and variables
  • perceptual and cognitive factors influencing skill acquisition
  • performance variables
  • individualized learning approaches
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12
Q

Social psychology in sport psychology includes:

A
  • competition
  • cooperation
  • leadership and management
  • spectator effects
  • peer and culture effects
  • communication
  • social dimensions
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13
Q

Psychometrics measurement in sport psychology includes:

A
  • individual differences
  • group differences
  • abilities
  • aptitudes and skills
  • personnel selection
  • prediction of success
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14
Q

What is the main premise of sport psychology?

A

To understand the movement of the body, we have to understand its connection with the mind

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15
Q

What is the difference between winning and success?

A

Winning is a number on the scoreboard.

Success is an understanding of your effort and participation.

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16
Q

What does sport psychology attempt to do?

A

It attempts to apply what we know about the psychology of human behaviour to better describe, understand, explain, predict, and improve the performance AND experience of athletes and coaches

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17
Q

What two distinct areas does sport psychology study?

A
  1. The influence of cognitive, behavioural, social, and emotional factors on sport and exercise performance
  2. The effect of sport and exercise involvement on psychological and emotional factors
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18
Q

Positive psychology in sport:

A

the belief that the study of athletic behaviour and experience should focus on wellness and quality of life (not just absence of disease)

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19
Q

Evidence-based practice in sport:

A

emphasizes the argument that valuable application and practice in sport psychology must be based upon good science

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20
Q

What reasons would a sport psychologist be contacted for?

A
  1. improve performance
  2. overcome pressure of competition
  3. enhance the experience of sport participants
  4. provide psychological assistance with injury
21
Q

What does applied sporty psychology involve?

A

assessment, training, and intervention strategies that enhance an individual’s performance and personal growth

22
Q

Why is it important to consider an athlete’s life skills?

A
  • they influence athletic performance
  • performance can be facilitated OR hindered by communication skills, assertiveness, anger management, and time management
23
Q

Conditions of something being considered a sport:

A
  1. some type of physical activity/skill
  2. must occur under a set of particular conditions (involves competition
  3. depends on a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation (only intrinsic=play; only extrinsic=spectacle)
24
Q

What was valued by the Greeks in sport around 500 B.C.?

A

Winning; champion was celebrated and often became rich

25
Q

Historically, what did the Romans value in sport?

A

sport for health and military reasons

26
Q

What happened to sport in the Middle Ages (during the fall of the Roman Empire)?

A
  • Christianity spread and the Catholic Church viewed recreation as sin
  • only nobility were allowed to participate in tournaments, jousting, and horseback events
27
Q

Describe sport history during the Renaissance and Reformation period

A
  • Catholic Church decline and Europe controlled by monarchs therefore rekindling of recreation
  • working class was allowed to participate
28
Q

What happened during the Protestant Reformation regarding sport history?

A
  • church leaders prohibited most forms of recreation and sports
  • colonizers brought their beliefs of disapproval to North America (New England region)
29
Q

How did America in the south differ in the past regarding sport?

A
  • slave operated plantation owners became established and their attitudes were less Puritan
  • colonies grew, became more established, and sport/recreational activities began to develop across socio-economic classes in sports
30
Q

First sport psychology study conducted by Norman Triplett in:

A

1898

31
Q

First sport psychology laboratory established by C. R. Griffith at the University of Illinois in:

A

1925

32
Q

International Society of Sport Psychology is formed in: 1965

A
33
Q

North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity is formed in:

A

1967

34
Q

Canadian Society for Psychomotor Learning and Sport Psychology is formed in:

A

1969

35
Q

Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology is formed in:

A

1985

36
Q

Division 47 of the American Psychological Association (Exercise and Sport Psychology) is formed in:

A

1987

37
Q

Inductive reasoning:

A

is reasoning from particular instances to general principles (from facts or empirical data to theories)

38
Q

Deductive reasoning:

A

is reasoning from the general to the particular (applying a theory to a particular case)

39
Q

Why do athletes cheat?

A
  1. to win
  2. to survive in their sport (by way of performance-enhancing drugs)
  3. “because everyone does it” and if you want to beat your rivals, you have to join them
40
Q

Faustian mentality:

A

the win-at-all-costs mentality of athletes, which leads to using performance enhancing drugs

41
Q

Fact or myth: success is equivalent to winning

A

Myth

42
Q

Cheating may lead to _______ but it does not lead to _______.

A

winning; success

43
Q

What qualifications does a clinical/counselling psychologist typically have?

A

M.A. or Ph.D in clinical or counselling psychology

44
Q

What do clinical/counselling psychologists focus on?

A

emotional and personality disorder problems

45
Q

Educational sport psychologists have which qualifications?

A

M.A. or Ph.D in clinical or counseling psychology

46
Q

What do educational sport psychologists have and what do they do?

A
  1. strong knowledge base of sport psychologist

2. act as practitioners to teach and consult on theory/research findings to athletes and coaches

47
Q

What is the goal of an educational sport psychologist?

A

to enhance psychological skills for best performance and improve the quality of life for both athletes and coaches

48
Q

What kind of trend is predicted for the future of teaching/research opportunities and the demand for training in clinical/counselling psychology?

A

Upward trend; will be in demand bc of diversity of future sport and exercise settings

49
Q

What are the 3 professional issues in sport psychology?

A
  1. training
  2. credentialing
  3. ethics

PSYC 3480 - Psychology of Sport (6 decks)

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